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Facebook paves way for China entry

‘We’re allowing too much, maybe, free speech,’ says Washington lobbyist for company Facebook could block content in some countries, a Washington lobbyist for the company has said, adding that it has faced uncomfortable positions over “too much, maybe, free speech”. The comments come amid increasing speculation that the company plans to enter the Chinese market, probably in collaboration with a local partner. “Maybe we will block content in some countries, but not others,” Adam Conner told the Wall Street Journal (WSJ).”We are occasionally held in uncomfortable positions because now we’re allowing too much, maybe, free speech in countries that haven’t experienced it before.” Asked whether Facebook stood by the remarks, a spokeswoman confirmed Conner, 25, worked for the company but said she could not offer further comment. The company’s position on user content is attracting renewed attention because of its perceived role in the uprisings in the Middle East – especially after Egypt blocked social media sites in an attempt to foil pro-democracy protests. Activist Wael Ghonim, asked what came after Tunisia and Egypt, replied: “Ask Facebook”. Facebook is blocked in China, but Bloomberg reported this month that it has held talks with potential partners about entering the market . It would have to comply with China’s extensive internet censorship system to do so and would face strong competition from domestic rivals such as Kaixin and Renren. Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg is thought to have been interested in the Chinese market for a long time, with rumours of an impending launch picking up when he visited China late last year and was pictured with Robin Li, CEO of search site Baidu. Chinese media claimed recently that Facebook has reached a deal to create a standalone China service, citing unnamed employees of the Beijing firm, but a Baidu spokesman declined to comment. Baidu dominates search services in China – with about two-thirds of the market – but is keen to expand its into other areas. “Right now we’re studying and learning about China but have made no decisions about if, or how, we will approach it,” Debbie Frost, Facebook’s director of international communications, told the WSJ. If Facebook established a service in China it would be legally required to hand user data to Chinese authorities. Bill Bishop, a digital media entrepreneur in Beijing, said: “Google said, ‘We’re not going to launch any services that require user information’. They could do that with search and maps and music. But Facebook has a problem that is more complicated by an order of magnitude. “It is inevitable that to comply with Chinese laws they or their partner are going to have to turn over data. The day that happens they should expect a call from Congress.” In 2007 Yahoo apologised to the families of two jailed Chinese journalists for turning over their email records, after a dramatic congressional hearing in which the firm was accused of ” morally [being] pygmies “. It had already handed control of its mainland operations to China’s Alibaba.com, in which it had bought a 40% stake. Bishop said: “It is an incredibly mature, incredibly competitive market. People don’t lack for social networking services. They will get a huge amount of grief overseas [if they come here] … Is it really worth the risk of significant brand damage and regulatory and political scrutiny overseas to be an also-ran?” Facebook Social networking China United States Internet Censorship Freedom of speech Wall Street Journal Mark Zuckerberg Tania Branigan guardian.co.uk

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Why my love is Justified

The unheralded series set in Kentucky returns to Five USA. Don’t miss this curious mix of folksy charm and ultraviolence Subtly brilliant but largely unheralded in the UK, one of the best shows on TV returns quietly to Five USA tonight. Based on characters from the Elmore Leonard short story Fire in the Hole, Justified stars Timothy Olyphant as US marshall Raylan Givens, a modern western gunslinger with a simple philosophy “I don’t pull my sidearm unless I intend to shoot to kill. That’s its purpose, to kill, so that’s how I use it.” So pulling a piece on Raylan? Never a good idea. Marshalling back in Harlan County, Kentucky where he grew up, Givens is a returning son with roots buried so deep in Harlan he fears he may never leave. Many hope he never does. New York Daily News has called Justified “the best dramatic series on TV”, Olyphant has been compared to a young Clint Eastwood and FX has already renewed it for a third season as its audience steadily grows. Taken at face value, it’s just another show about a maverick cop who plays by his own rules so why all the plaudits? For a start, there’s the acting. Walton Goggins (Shane Vendrell from The Shield) as Boyd Crowder is a revelation. Making the pyromaniac white supremacist religious nut sympathetic is a tall order but Goggins harnesses just the right mix of charisma, charm and vulnerability to make it impossible to hate him. You can’t take your eyes off him when he’s on screen. Goggins was the standout performer of the first series but he meets his match this series in Margo Martindale, stunning as Mags Bennett, fearsome matriarch of the Bennett clan – warmly maternal one moment, cutthroat vicious the next. Mags is a product of her environment, just like Boyd, Raylan and everyone else in Harlan. The show really couldn’t be set anywhere else because Justified is about how growing up in a poor white mining community puts its stamp on you. Raylan can’t escape who he is – everyone he deals with watched him grow up. They know his daddy is a criminal, that his family have been feuding with the Crowders like the Hatfields and McCoys for generations, that policing in Miami didn’t work out after he killed a man. In Harlan County, you’re an open book whether you like it or not. Tonight’s show picks up the action directly from the end of series one so there are some loose ends to tie up before we are introduced to the focus of series two, Mags and her sons – “reefer farmers” (pot growers) looking to expand the family business. Strike up a conversation with Mags and she’s as sweet, worldly and wise as they come and it’s one of the striking features of the show that everyone, no matter how depraved, is so damn polite. It’s rare that gunfights are not accompanied with “how’s your momma?”. Small talk and the curious mix of folksy charm and ultraviolence helped make it the slow burner hit of 2010. It’s oddly reminiscent of Heartbeat, drawing on a nostalgic desire for community policing where everyone knows who you are, folk look out for each other and people matter. It deserves a wider audience. If you’re new to Justified you should be able to pick up what’s what in Harlan with few problems – many of the characters will be as new to existing fans as they are to you (although, there will obviously be some series one spoilers dotted round). Fans of Elmore Leonard’s sparse punchy dialogue will find it well emulated here and the 85-year-old crime fiction legend is so impressed with the adaptation he’s written a new book featuring Raylan Givens, sections of which will be used in the series. If you believe in great American character acting then this is a show you shouldn’t miss as no one is currently doing it better. And, 10 episodes into the second series, there’s no TV I look forward to more. • Justified starts tonight, 10pm, 5USA US television Television Drama James Donaghy guardian.co.uk

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Oil stories: Gone to Water

A year on from the Deepwater Horizon disaster, this specially-commissioned story is set in Louisiana, where Pa Claude and Jackie are going out fishing on the bayou The dawn looked more like a sunset. The horizon was a luminous peach-colored line, and rising above it were gray commas of cloud with copper bottoms, each the size of a small town. The old man came onto his back porch holding a cup of coffee and looked east over the sound, his great grandson dawdling behind, hands in his pockets, a willowy boy of nine. Claude Ledet was eighty-eight, his skin a sun-eroded fabric of pale craters and burgundy spots. He looked down to his little wharf hugging the island. “We goin fish today, down to the mouth of the river.” “The river?” The boy’s voice sailed high in the question. “The Mississippi,” his great grandfather snapped. “Don’t you know nothing?” The boy grinned, goofy and sweet. “I know it’s a long way off, Pa Claude. For your boat.” The old man turned west, looking for weather. Sometimes he would see what was there, sometimes his mind would layer memories over the present, and he would see what was there last year, or the decade before that, or sixty years earlier when he’d built his little frame house high up on pilings. The day before, he’d seen the big wooden oyster lugger The Two Sons go by, loaded down, and he’d waved at his cousins Henry and Rene where they sat on the deck sorting what they had dredged up from their lease, even though Henry and Rene had been dead of old age for many years and The Two Sons lay sunk and rotting in Lake Borgne. Sometimes he saw things from several different decades at once, steam tugs, coastal sail boats, brand new Chris Craft mahogany yachts, jet skis carrying windblown children racing above the swells, time-wandering images floating side-by-side and overlapping like a bowl of fresh shucked oysters. Claude looked down at the boy. “Why you here?” “Aunt Brenda couldn’t come stay with you today. She’s at the doctor with the flu.” “That oldest girl couldn’t come?” “Suzie?” “That’s right. So many come around to visit with me I can’t keep ‘em straight.” The boy gave him a long look. “Great-aunt Suzie’s your daughter.” The old man nodded west. “Get two rods off the porch and my box. I’m goin bail the skiff.” “Her friend’s husband got killed in that rig accident about three weeks ago. It’s a big mess out in the Gulf.” “My radio’s burnt out and that damn television don’t make no sense to me at all.” “Everybody’s talking about it. You haven’t heard?” Claude put a hand to his stubbly chin. “We need some crackers and potted meat and a jug of water.” The boy settled a baseball cap down on his curls. “I didn’t know we were going fishing.”

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On April 20, 2010, a horrific oil spill took place in the Gulf of Mexico on British Petroleum's (BP) Deepwater Horizon rig. Since that day, gas prices have risen nearly $1-a-gallon to $3.83 per gallon. President Barack Obama's anti-oil policies, including a drilling moratorium are at least part of the reason for that dramatic spike. But you will rarely hear that from the mainstream media. It certainly isn't the story the network evening news shows have told their viewers since the oil spill. Out of 280 oil price stories since the disastrous pill, just 1 percent (3 out of 280) mentioned any connection between Obama's anti-oil efforts, such as the drilling moratorium, and rapidly rising gas prices. Instead of asking whether Obama's anti-oil policies could be increasing the cost of gas, the networks blamed other factors such as Mideast turmoil or the “money game” played by speculators. Certainly, the turmoil in Libya, Egypt and surrounding nations has increased worries about oil production and can influence the price. But the networks also should have looked for explanations much closer to home. ABC “World News with Diane Sawyer” on March 8, 2011, even asked if the gas prices in the “stratosphere” were the result of “gas gouging.” ABC's Matt Gutman reported that night, that the nation's most expensive and second most expensive gas stations hadn't posted their prices. He then declared, “Stations like this prey on unwitting travelers hoping to fill up their rental cars on the way to the airport.” After attacking those stations, Gutman admitted “This is technically not price gouging, a legal term which applies only during states of emergency.” He told viewers: “In fact, stations can charge as much as they want,” but then asserted that is wrong by quoting Mayor Buddy Dyer who said “We don't think this is right, we don't think people should be tricked into paying $2-a-gallon more for gas than they could half a mile down the road.” Of course stations can charge as much as they want, because no one is forced to buy gasoline from them. Consumers can just keep on driving to a station with a lower price. Gutman should have been inquiring about Obama's unwillingness to expand domestic oil production, rather than going on the seasonal media search for service station villains. During the past year, Shell's former CEO John Hofmeister as well as politicians including Gov. Haley Barbour, R-Miss., have cited Obama administration energy policies for rising gas prices. Obama and Federal Regulations Strangling Oil Development? Even though gas prices had bounced up and down and were on the decline in May 2010 after the oil spill, prices have shot up in the past year. Gasoline cost $2.73 per gallon when Obama instituted his sixth-month moratorium on deepwater and shallow drilling on May 30, 2010. Prices are now more than a dollar-a-gallon higher. Pump prices have more than doubled since Obama took office in January 2009. ” After two federal courts said the moratorium was illegal, the Obama administration instead moved to a de facto moratorium, by issuing no permits, while speeding up the permitting process for wind farms, ” The Heritage Foundation wrote back in December 2010. Jeff McMahon, a blogger for Forbes, wrote on March 25 that although the administration has begun issuing permits again (five as of that time), those drilling permits weren't “completely new” as the government was claiming. The exploration in question had begun before the moratorium. “Of 14 permits submitted for initial exploratory drilling in the Gulf-drilling that would be, in other words, new – one has been withdrawn for modification and 13 are listed as 'pending,'” McMahon said. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is also seeking to regulate the oil industry over greenhouse gas emissions, and the Bureau of Land Management under Obama appointee Ken Salazar “would issue new rules making it harder to develop natural resources on government-owned land,” according to Heritage. That's not all. On March 15, 2011, American Petroleum Institute (API) released a press release criticizing the administration for new environmental hurdles to a pipeline that would transport crude from Canadian oil sands. “This much-studied and much-needed pipeline would provide a critical link to our largest energy supplier, Canada, and its vast resources of nearby and available crude oil,” Jack Gerard, API's president and CEO, said in the release. API also said the pipeline could mean 13,000 construction jobs in the U.S. and the project could lead to more than 340,000 U.S. jobs eventually. The pipeline, called Keystone XL, has already been scrutinized for 32 months by 10 federal agencies and many state and local ones, yet “workers are sitting on the sideline waiting for the project to start,” according to API. Yet most of the network stories about gas prices didn't even ask if such policies were contributing to the rise. During the Bush years, the networks did the opposite – criticizing the president for gas prices , asking what the government should do and even entertaining far-left conspiracy theories about gas prices manipulation and election outcomes. CBS's Couric wondered back in October 2006, “Is this [falling gas prices] an election year present from President Bush to fellow Republicans,” while showing an image of bumper sticker that read: ” GOP: Grand Oil Party .” Following Couric's tease, Mason said: “Gas started going down just as the fall campaign started heating up. Coincidence? Some drivers don't think so.” Others in the media including CNN and Associated Press also ran stories about the supposed oil-price conspiracy. Networks Blame Speculators, Rather than Obama Rather than digging deep into those policies and explaining them for viewers, some of the network evening shows also predictably went looking for a business bad guy. NBC found an expert who said “I think you're seeing a tremendous amount of speculation in this market.” But that story wasn't nearly as critical of speculation as a CBS segment by Anthony Mason and Katie Couric. On March 23, 2011, Couric claimed they would “show you who is driving them [gas prices] up” before uttering the scary word “speculation.” The “Grim Reaper” of CBS, Anthony Mason, went on to report that oil futures trading is increasing the cost of oil, and therefore gasoline. He interviewed Michael Greenberger formerly of CFTC who said “It is accelerating the price of oil products, gasoline, heating oil, crude oil, and other energy products, for no good reason.” A bit later Mason said “The CTFC is now considering regulations to curb excessive speculation in oil, which more than ever before has become a money game.” Actually, according to Heritage there is a good reason. The Heritage Foundation explained how trading oil futures works on Feb. 23, 2011: “The oil futures market is just that, a futures market. The price-per-barrel spikes in oil this week have not affected the domestic market yet. In fact, former Shell Oil President John Hofmeister made the prediction in December 2010 that America would face $ 5/gallon gasoline by 2012 , a full month before the revolution in Egypt began.” Hofmeister has previously criticized the Obama administration for the drilling moratorium and at the time of his $5 prediction blamed the “pure politics” keeping ” us from drilling more of our resources ” for the rising gas prices. Things are traded based on speculation regarding future prices. With Obama's many policies designed to limit supply of domestic oil or government proposals to raise the gasoline tax, it's no wonder pump prices keep climbing. One network story noticed that the weak U.S. dollar is also partially responsible for the increase in gas prices. Jacking Up Prices is 'Green' Lining for President's Agenda Obama has made green or alternative energy a top priority for his administration, at the expense of domestic fossil fuel sources of energy. When expressing support of cap-and-trade policy, Obama admitted that ” electricity rates would necessarily skyrocket. ” While Obama was talking about coal specifically, it is clear that his environmental agenda is more important to him than maintaining low-cost energy for consumers. Obama's energy secretary, Steven Chu, shares those same extreme environmentalist leanings. In 2008, Chu said, ” Somehow we have to figure out how to boost the price of gasoline to the levels in Europe .” With gas prices at $3.83-a-gallon America is well on the way. Bloomberg Businessweek found that high gas prices actually have a ” silver lining ” from Obama's perspective because they make consumers more willing to accept his goals. “Still, there's a silver lining in higher oil prices – or, rather, a green lining – for Obama, who has made clean energy one of his paramount causes. Rising fuel costs could go a long way toward advancing Obama's 'Win the Future' vision of an economy remade by green technologies, including electric vehicles, advanced batteries, wind and solar power, and high-speed trains,” they wrote on March 27, 2011. The magazine noted specifically that electric cars become a much better deal when gas prices are high. Gov. Barbour told NBC “Nightly News” on March 6 the Obama administration was causing prices to rise for that very reason saying, “This administration's policies have been designed to drive up the cost of energy in the name of reducing pollution, in the name of making very expensive alternative fuels more economically competitive.” Methodology The Business & Media Institute searched Nexis transcripts of ABC “World News,” NBC “Nightly News” and CBS “Evening News” for the words “oil” and “price” from the day of the oil spill (April 20, 2010) through March 30, 2011. The searched yielded 280 stories, but only 60 of them mentioned gas prices at all. A meager 3 stories (1 percent of the 280 stories) cited Obama's drilling moratorium or any other Obama policy as a factor in the huge jump in gas prices.

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Fire safety flaws linked to 14 deaths

Sheriff principal says management of fire safety at Rosepark was ‘systematically and seriously defective’ Fire safety procedures at a care home for the elderly where an electrical fire claimed the lives of 14 residents were “systematically and seriously defective”, a fatal accident inquiry has ruled. In a 1,000 page report published after Scotland’s longest running FAI, sheriff principal Brian Lockhart detailed a series of safety defects at the Rosepark care home in Uddingston, Lanarkshire, that he said contributed to the deaths of the 14 elderly residents in January 2004. Some or all of the deaths could have been prevented if the home had had a suitable fire safety plan in place, he found. The fire broke out in a cupboard of the care home. Ten of the residents died at the scene, and four subsequently died in hospital. The eldest was 98 and the youngest 75. In his report the sheriff principal said staff at the home had not been properly trained in fire safety and fire drills, the maintenance of the electrical installation where the fire broke out was defective, and the management of fire safety at the home was “systematically and seriously defective”. Three of the staff on duty on the night of the fire had been shown a fire safety video once but apart from that none of the staff on duty had received any fire training or experienced a fire drill at the home, and none had been trained to use a fire extinguisher. The sheriff principal said: “The way the staff responded on the night of 31 January 2004 was just what might be expected of staff who had not received adequate fire training and who had, by reason of exposure to false alarms, become complacent. Had the staff been properly trained in a matter consonant with the task that would face them in that emergency situation, they would have behaved quite differently and that, either on its own, or in conjunction with other changes which would have been put in place had the system of fire safety management not been defective, would have avoided some or all of the deaths.” The report noted that vital time was lost when staff took nine minutes to call the fire brigade. The home’s practice meant a member of staff had to find the source of the blaze before calling 999. There was an extra delay of just over four minutes when the fire brigade went to the wrong entrance to the home because the postal address was different. The elderly residents who died were: Dorothy McWee, 98, Tom Cook, 95, Isobel MacLachlan, 93, Julia McRoberts, 90, Annie Thompson, 84, Helen Crawford, 84, Margaret Lappin, 83, May Mullen, Helen Milne, Anna Stirrat, and Mary McKenner, all 82, Robina Burns, 89, Isabella MacLeod, 75, and Margaret Gow, 84. The sheriff principal said that since the fire the lessons of the tragedy had been taken on board by the management of the home and the deficiencies identified “substantially eradicated”. A spokesman for the owners of Rosepark care home said: “Our legal team is studying the determination issued by sheriff principal Brian Lockhart. We have nothing further to add at present.” An attempt to prosecute the home’s owners over alleged safety breaches collapsed in 2007 after a judge dismissed the charges. A second case raised in 2008 was also dropped. The report also found deficiencies in the working of Lanarkshire Health Board with regard to identifying fire risks at the home. The board was responsible for inspecting the Rosepark home between 1992 and 2002. In a statement, NHS Lanarkshire said it would need time to study the report and extended its deepest sympathies to the families and friends of those who died. “While we do not currently have any defined responsibility for fire safety within the independent care sector, in light of the determination we will ensure owners of establishments that we contract with are fully aware of their responsibilities in this area,” the statement added. Scotland Kirsty Scott guardian.co.uk

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Tesco buys into VoD firm BlinkBox

Supermarket giant acquires 80% of video-on-demand firm in bid to take on services such as Amazon’s LoveFilm Tesco has entered the UK video-on-demand market, taking an 80% stake in BlinkBox and creating a formidable competitor for existing services such as Amazon’s LoveFilm. The supermarket giant, which on Tuesday reported profits of £3.8bn , said the acquisition of the five-year-old UK VoD business would help position the business for “the next stage in the internet-driven revolution in home entertainment”. Tesco has acquired its stake in BlinkBox, set up by former Channel 4 and Vodafone executives in 2006 and launched two years later, from Eden Ventures and Nordic Venture Partners for an undisclosed sum. BlinkBox offers a range of films and TV shows as free and paid-for downloads, with a catalogue including Shameless, Peep Show and Top Gear. The UK’s biggest retailer has a huge operation selling “physical” DVDs. However, Richard Brasher, chief executive of Tesco’s UK operation, admitted it needed to exploit the growing consumer demand for accessing VoD content online in multiple formats and on different devices. “Whether customers want to own the DVD, download a digital movie, stream a rental or all three, Tesco is committed to giving customers choice,” he said. “We want to allow them to decide how they access entertainment content and on which devices, whether it’s on PC, TV or tablet.” BlinkBox offers more than 9,000 films and TV shows available on devices including the PC, Macs, the PS3 console, tablets and internet-enabled TVs. The company has content licensing deals with broadcasters and producers such as BBC Worldwide, Channel 4, ALL3Media and FremantleMedia for shows including Peep Show, Shameless, How to Look Good Naked, Doctor Who, Baywatch, Danger Mouse and Count Duckula. BlinkBox also has deals with major US studios and networks including Warner Bros — two of the most watched shows are Gossip Girl and ER — Paramount, Discovery Networks, Universal and 20th Century Fox. “We are pleased that our partnership with Tesco allows us to bring the best in entertainment from our library of over 9,000 titles to even more people across the UK,” said BlinkBox founder Michael Comish. “This partnership represents another step forward, bringing the leading movie streaming service together with the UK’s biggest retailer.” Amazon acquired the 58% of LoveFilm, the DVD and online video rental company often dubbed “the Netflix of Europe”, it did not already own in January in a deal thought to value the business at £200m. Tesco’s BlinkBox deal has been compared to a similar move made by supermarket giant Walmart , which owns the Asda chain in the UK, which acquired US VoD service Vudu in February last year. Video on demand Amazon.com Digital media Media business Internet Tesco Television industry Television Television Mark Sweney guardian.co.uk

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Change.org Attacked by Chinese Hackers Amidst Campaign for Ai Weiwei

enlarge This news was too wild not to share. Chinese hackers have temporarily brought down Change.org, the social action platform where I now direct immigrant rights organizing. This, after more than 90,000 people in 175 countries signed a petition calling for the release of internationally acclaimed Chinese artist Ai Weiwei. According to Mashable: As an artist, Ai is best known for his role in the construction of the Bejing National Stadium for the 2008 Olympics and his Sunflower Seeds exhibit at the Tate Modern in 2010. He has also played a role in uncovering government corruption over the past few years, including, most notably, a scandal involving the construction of Sichuan schools that collapsed during the 2008 earthquake. Ai was taken into custody by police at an airport in Bejing earlier this month. The petition has attracted more than 90,000 signatures, including many from leading museums such as the Guggenheim, MoMA and Tate Modern, since it was posted last week. A Change.org spokesperson says that the site has suffered intense DDoS attacks since Monday, sending it offline for periods of time. At the time of writing, Change.org was still offline. “There’s no evidence that this has come from the Chinese government, but clearly the circumstantial evidence is pretty powerful,” the spokesperson says, noting that the for-profit organization has called on the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of East Asian Pacific Affairs for assistance. Change.org CEO Ben Rattray has even asked the State Department to intervene, as reported by Tech President earlier today: “We’ve notified the U.S. State Department of the situation and asked for their immediate assistance,” Rattray added. “Our engineers have been able to keep up the site during parts of the attack, but we’ve had some down time and without government assistance there are limits to what we can do.” Change.org, a platform which allows anyone, anywhere to launch online social action campaigns, has been blocked in China at various points over the last few years. While my teammates at Change.org continue to fend off these severe cyberattacks, more and more activists continue to sign the online petition in support of artist and political prisoner Ai Weiwei. The silver lining, of course, is that these hackers’ attacks will only end up drawing more attention to Ai Weiwei’s unjust imprisonment.

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Holy Week: Media Worship Earth Day, Attack Easter

Major Findings: Media Undermine Christian Holiday: Nearly two thirds of all stories about Easter were negative (22 out of 34). Easter Used to Attack Catholic Church: Ninety-one percent of the negative Easter stories were about the pedophilia scandal in the Roman Catholic Church. Love That Mother Nature: 100 percent of Earth Day stories were positive. Easter is the quintessential Christian holiday – the celebration of Jesus Christ's death and resurrection. Although it has been celebrated by billions of people around the world for nearly 2,000 years, the mainstream media would rather celebrate the liberal holiday known as “Earth Day” and connect Easter to the abuse scandal that surrounded the Roman Catholic Church. Holy Week marks the seven days between Palm Sunday and Easter Sunday. Christians around the world mark it by attending services, praying and piously observing the holiday. But in 2010, ABC, CBS and NBC evening news shows mentioned “Easter” primarily in connection to the pedophilia scandals that swirled around the Vatican last year, being sure to highlight the “gravest outrage,” “scandal,” “sexual abuse” and “crisis.” Instead, the networks chose to worship something else: Mother Earth. In contrast to Easter, the 40-year-old eco-holiday Earth Day that focuses on the “plastic lying around the earth” and “going green,” managed to get nothing but positive attention from the broadcast media. The Culture and Media Institute examined reports during Holy Week (Mar. 28 through Apr. 4, 2010) and Apr. 15, 2010, through Earth Day to contrast the two weeks of media coverage. Easter: a Chance to Bash Catholic Church ABC's “World News Saturday” provided the perfect juxtaposition of how the networks disparaged Easter and praised Earth Day in 2010. “This is the holiest weekend in the Christian calendar,” said ABC's Dan Harris on April 3, 2010. “But Easter is providing no respite whatsoever from what may be the gravest outrage in the modern history of the Catholic Church.” The next evening, Harris again used the word “outrage” saying, “on this Easter Sunday, an extraordinary effort to defend the pope amid growing public outrage over pedophile priests … an apparent reference to the continuing crisis over pedophile priests. It was a very rare altering of the Vatican's Easter celebration.” The tone of Harris' reporting was a stark contrast to that of fellow ABC anchor Diane Sawyer's April 22 Earth Day commentary. “And on this Earth Day we told you about the plastic lying around the earth,” Sawyer said on “World News.” “Well what if you could take it and turn it into an answered prayer for some children? One woman did just that. It's the American heart.” Harris' broadcasts were just 2 examples from the 22 negative stories about Easter in a total of 34 stories the Culture and Media Institute examined. NBC “Nightly News” anchor Brian Williams showed the same pattern as ABC in its reporting on the Vatican's scandal. “This, of course, is Good Friday,” Williams said on April 2, 2010. “And in a service at the Vatican today there was an unusual defense of the pope and the growing sexual abuse scandals in the Catholic Church.” NBC correspondent Anne Thompson weighed in on the scandal as well saying, “On a rainy Roman morning, the Vatican produced a typical Easter Mass with all the pomp and pageantry – until Cardinal Angelo Sodano rose to speak, offering not a prayer, but a vigorous defense of Pope Benedict, accused by some of not doing enough to protect children from abusive priests.” Thompson's remarks came on Easter Sunday. She continued to discuss the crisis throughout the broadcast, later stating, “Throughout Europe, the scandal dominated Easter services … And in the pope's homeland, in Munich, the traditions of Easter, for just a day, superseded the pain many feel at the disclosures that some priests abused children for decades.” But when the relatively young holiday known as “Earth Day” rolled around just 18 days later, NBC fell all over itself to promote awareness of the eco-celebration. “As we said earlier, this is Earth Day, the 40th anniversary, in fact, of what's considered the birth of the modern environmental movement,” anchor Brian Williams said on “Nightly News.” “On this Earth Day there was this item in the news today, a way to remind us all to take a fresh look at something we look down and see just about every day: cigarette butts. Not only are they the most common form of litter, they are filled with toxins, every one of them that can leach out into the environment and make their way into drinking water supplies and pets, among other things.” Not to be outdone, the CBS “Evening News” took the opportunity to chime in on the unfortunate Catholic priest abuse scandal as well. Russ Mitchell said: “On this Easter Sunday, an unusual statement from a Vatican official in defense of the pope, Pope Benedict XVI who has been accused of not doing enough to address charges of sexual abuse in the church.” Yet, “Evening News” fill-in anchor Maggie Rodriguez just couldn't seem to say anything bad about Earth Day. “Today, Earth Day turned 40, and a new CBS News poll shows that many Americans have big concerns about the future of our planet,” she said on April 22. “Nearly half expect the environment to be in worse shape for the next generation.” Not All Negative Easter Stories About Scandal The networks couldn't seem to produce a truly positive or even neutral story about Easter, without then immediately throwing Christians under the bus. Dan Harris' “World News Sunday” report on Easter was a prime example. “The weather was perfect here in New York City today for the annual Easter Parade,” Harris said casually about the Christian holiday. “On display during the traditional stroll up Fifth Avenue, elaborate and imaginative homemade hats. Amazing some of these people could hold their heads up under all that.” But Harris couldn't leave viewers with a neutral impression of Christians and Catholics – he immediately painted a negative picture of Christians with this tease: “Coming up next, the apocalyptic Christian militia jailed for plotting war against the government.” Few Positive Easter Stories There were only nine positive mentions of Easter from the network news evening shows during Holy Week last year. In one of them CBS “Evening News” anchor Katie Couric wished viewers a “great weekend and a happy Easter,” and it was these casual, but positive mentions of Easter that accounted for seven of the nine positive mentions. Another one came from Natalie Morales, a NBC “Nightly News” correspondent who mentioned that “In Washington this Easter Sunday, President Obama and the first family took time out for prayer and reflection before the chief executive gets back into business.” Just the Latest Problem with Holy Week Coverage The Media Research Center reached out to the Catholic League for comment and President Bill Donahue had this to say about the media's treatment of Catholics: “The Catholic League has been tracking the way the media treat Holy Week for many years, and what we have unfailingly found is one of three things: a) the mainstream media do a news story, magazine article or TV special questioning the divinity of Jesus, or b) some fraud comes forth with some absurd claims doubting whether Jesus was actually raised from the dead, or c) a music video is released that is designed to tweak the sensibilities of Christians. It's all deliberate and it's all selectively targeted.” Conclusion The abuse scandal that surrounded the Catholic Church in recent years is a genuine tragedy, and a scandal worthy of media attention. But the network evening news shows pushed the liberal, anti-Catholic agenda by devoting most of their Holy Week coverage of Easter to highlight that some Catholic priests abused children. By comparison, Earth Day has nowhere near the national or international prominence that Easter has. While the United Nations designated April 22 as International Mother Earth Day, the United States does not recognize this day as a federal holiday. Easter, on the other hand, though always observed on a Sunday is recognized in schools as students are on “Spring Break,” formerly called “Easter Break” and the two week Congressional “Spring Recess.” Methodology 2011 marks a unique year in that “Earth Day” falls right in the middle of “Holy Week.” The Culture and Media Institute analyzed how the media treated the two holidays last year. In 2010, ABC, CBS and NBC evening shows denigrated Christians by mentioning Easter only in connection with the priest abuse scandals 65 percent of the time, during Holy Week. By contrast, the week of Earth Day garnered five mentions and, predictably, every single report was positive. There were a total of 34 stories about Easter, of those 22 were negative. Of the negative stories, 91 percent (20 stories) were about the Catholic priest pedophilia scandal. Only 9 Easter stories were positive and of those, 7 were casual mentions rather than stories. The other 3 stories were neutral or generic references to Easter as a time of the year. There were five stories about Earth Day all of which glowingly featured the Earth-celebrating holiday.

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AV vote is not about me, says Clegg

Liberal Democrat leader’s comments come amid fears his unpopularity will hit support for alternative vote in 5 May referendum Nick Clegg has insisted people are not “daft” enough to oppose AV on the basis that they do not like him. The Liberal Democrat leader’s comments came amid fears that his unpopularity will hit support for the alternative vote in the 5 May referendum. With nine days to go until the poll, the no campaign – which is using imagery of Clegg in material to mobilise its vote – has taken a decisive lead . The latest YouGov poll for the Sun newspaper, published on Wednesday, shows a 16-point lead for the campaign against a switch to AV, with 5% of respondents saying they would vote no because a party or politician they dislike supports the change. Fears the referendum will be used to send a message to the Lib Dems – who are most strongly associated with it – prompted the Labour leader, Ed Miliband, a supporter of AV, to urge voters not to use the poll as an opportunity to give the deputy prime minister a “kicking”. “This referendum is not about Nick Clegg, it’s not about David Cameron, it’s not about me,” Miliband said. “It is a chance to have a better politics in Britain.” Speaking two days after Miliband’s remarks, Clegg dismissed the suggestion that people’s decision on whether to back a switch from first past the post to AV will come down to him. He told BBC Breakfast: “I really don’t think that people are so daft that, when they’re asked to have this once in a generation opportunity to change the electoral system, they’re going to do it based on what they think about one party or one politician.” Another issue plaguing Clegg is his comment that AV is a “miserable little compromise” – made before the Lib Dems secured the AV referendum in their coalition deal with the Conservatives in May. To the frustration of the yes campaign, the claim has repeatedly been quoted by opponents of change to the voting system, including Cameron. Clegg claimed his remark did not refer to the voting system itself but to the previous Labour’s government’s attempt to shoehorn in a promise of AV that had little chance of being delivered. He said: “I’ve had this a lot. What I was actually referring to was Gordon Brown’s suggestion, very late in the day in his government, of making changes that everyone knew would not come into effect … “I was talking about the Labour party’s offer in the latter days of its government which it had no way of implementing.” On AV, Clegg said the use of different kinds of preferential voting system had been adopted by the Conservative party itself – the bulk of whom are in the no camp. “If it’s good enough for them, why is it not good enough for the rest of the country?” Clegg asked. He said he “flatly” disagreed with the argument put forward by the no campaign that AV was favoured by the Lib Dems because they would be the party most likely to benefit from the system. “It’s impossible to tell how millions of people across the country will vote when they’re given more choice,” he added. Seeking to spell out AV’s merits, he said: “It’s a very simple idea that you order your preferences. “If you can’t get your number one choice, at least you get to have a say about which other one might still go forward. “It’s about increasing people’s voice – at the moment, millions of people are ignored. “It’s a simple statement of principle that, in a democracy, you should make your MPs work harder for your vote and try and get at least majority support in their local election. That, in a nutshell, is what AV does.” Clegg made his comments amid deepening tensions between the coalition parties ahead of the referendum for AV. Lord Ashdown, the Lib Dem peer and former party leader, said the way Clegg was being singled out in a “deeply and appallingly personal” way by a no campaign funded by the Conservative party was “very damaging”. “It must be making Liberal Democrats fighting furious, and I am certainly one of those,” he said. Nick Clegg Alternative vote AV referendum Electoral reform Liberal Democrats Ed Miliband Labour Conservatives David Cameron Hélène Mulholland guardian.co.uk

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All universities will charge at least £6,000 fees

• Blow to ministers as watchdog announces universities’ plans • Guardian figures put average fees at more than £8,600 • Datablog: what are the universities charging? Ministers have suffered a major blow to their tuition-fee reforms after the government’s access watchdog revealed that all universities intend to charge at least £6,000 a year. The Office for Fair Access (Offa) announced that every one of the 123 universities and university colleges in England intend to charge £6,000 or more to full-time undergraduates from autumn 2012. A further 17 further-education colleges – out of 124 – want to charge fees of more than £6,000. Universities had until midnight on Tuesday to submit their plans to the watchdog. Offa would not say how many of the institutions want to charge the maximum fee of £9,000. However, research by the Guardian has revealed that almost three-quarters of English universities and university colleges intend to charge this amount for at least some of their courses. The figures will come as an embarrassment to David Willetts, the universities minister, who predicted that universities would charge different levels of fees and that the average would be £7,500. He later revised that to £7,500-£8,000. The Guardian’s figures show the average fee of those that have made their plans public currently stands at £8,629.73. Some 49 of the 73 universities intend to charge a flat rate of £9,000. Some 56 institutions intend to charge £9,000 for at least some of its courses. MPs voted in December to raise tuition fees for full-time undergraduates from £3,350 a year to £6,000 in 2012 and up to £9,000 in “exceptional cases”. But new and old universities have announced plans to charge £9,000. In the last few days Bradford, Bristol and Hull universities have said they want to charge the maximum. Oxford Brookes and University of East London – neither of which are in the top 40 universities according to the Guardian’s university league table – intend to charge a flat-rate of £9,000. The University Centre at Blackburn College has decided to set its fees at £7,000. Some 73 out of 123 universities or university colleges have now publicly declared their fees. Some 50 others have given their proposals to Offa privately. The Treasury is faced with a funding black hole because the initial cost of students’ fees is borne by the government. It pays the fee for each student in the form of a loan. The government then recovers its money once a student has graduated and is earning more than £21,000. Labour said on Tuesday that one way for the government to claw back the higher upfront cost would be to cut student numbers. Ed Miliband, the leader of the Labour party, warned that at least 10% of university places for undergraduates would have to be cut to fund the coalition’s “unravelling” tuition fee reforms. This is the equivalent of removing 36,000 full-time places each year. Universities that want to charge more than £6,000 had to tell Offa what their targets were to widen their pool of students beyond white middle-class teenagers. These must be agreed by the watchdog. Offa has the power to tell universities that they cannot charge more than £6,000 and will be able to tell institutions next year that they must lower their fees because they have not fulfilled their targets. The government has recommended that universities spend £1,000 out of every £9,000 received in fees on support for students. The watchdog will announce in July whether it has accepted each university’s plans for 2012. Some universities, such as Coventry, intend to charge variable fees based on the cost of delivering their courses. Coventry wants to charge £7,500 for classroom-based degrees; £7,900 for studio and field trip-based degrees; £8,300 for lab-based degrees and £9,000 for specialist degrees such as engineering, fashion and automotive and transport design. Meanwhile, it has emerged that overseas universities are redoubling their efforts to recruit English students to their universities. Paul Loftus, managing director of i-studentgroup, which helps universities in the UK, Australia, Canada, the US and New Zealand with their recruitment, said foreign universities were targeting the UK. “If overseas universities haven’t started lifting their recruitment efforts to try to get British students, they are now.” Loftus said more British students than in the past were considering going abroad for university, in part because of higher fees. “Although the Australian dollar is strong, many British teenagers are enrolling on courses in Australia, Canada and New Zealand in particular.” Aaron Porter, the NUS president, predicted that 10% of university applicants would be put off studying for a degree because of the higher fees. “Sadly we are hearing that some students are deciding not to apply already. We hope this sends out an urgent message to the government that their tuition fee policy is in disarray.” The number of students who want to travel or work abroad for a year before going to university has dropped by almost half, The Times has reported. Tuition fees University funding Higher education Students Education policy Jessica Shepherd guardian.co.uk

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