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Knowing a second language looks good on a college application—but there’s a more compelling reason to aim for bilingual babes: Bilingualism also helps with early brain development, fueling the repetition of a mental exercise that creates an extra “cognitive reserve,” reports Newsweek . As one researcher explains, the act of…

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Assad orders tanks into rebel towns as Syria’s brutal crackdown intensifies

Syrian president steps up campaign of repression against pro-democracy protesters, with raids in Latakia and Qusair Syrian tanks and gunmen have swept through two towns to root out anti-government protesters amid heavy firing that has sent many fleeing to safer areas. Three people were reported to have died in the violence, the latest in an escalating campaign of repression by President Bashar al-Assad’s regime against an uprising that erupted in mid-March. The heaviest assault was reported in the coastal city of Latakia, where a day earlier thousands turned out to demand the president’s removal. At least 20 tanks and armoured personnel fanned out into the city’s el-Ramel district as intense gunfire rang out, according to Rami Abdul-Rahman, the head of the London-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. Shooting and explosions were also heard in the town’s Slaibeh neighbourhood, according to the Observatory and the Local Co-ordination Committees of Syria, an activist group that documents protests. Two people were killed in the shooting, they said. Scores of security agents and pro-government gunmen, known as Shabiha, entered the town of Qusair, near the border with Lebanon, and several nearby villages, arresting scores of residents, Abdul-Rahman said. LCC Syria said that one person was killed in the shooting. It was not possible to verify the reports. The army also conducted an operation in the nearby towns of Hawla and Taldaw, in the central Homs province, and deployed tanks in the area, activists said. They reported that 10 people were wounded by gunfire during sweeps in the north-western town of Sarmin. Both the al-Ramel section of Latakia and Qusair have seen large protests since the demonstrations began in March. Government efforts to quash the protests have intensified in recent weeks, with troops storming several towns and cities. Abdul-Rahman said that many residents, mostly women and children, were fleeing to safer areas. In protests around the country on Friday, tens of thousands called for Assad’s death, in a dramatic escalation of anger. Crowds took to the streets after Friday prayers, defying bullets and rooftop snipers following more than a week of intensified military assaults on rebel cities. The chants calling for Assad’s death are seen as a sign of how much the protest movement has changed since its initial demands for minor reform, but not for regime

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Somali refugees fight cholera and measles as hunger spreads

Camps and hospitals are struggling to cope with the outbreak as more than 180 people die from disease Outbreaks of measles and cholera are striking down Somali children already weakened by hunger, resulting in dozens of new fatalities. News of the fast-spreading diseases has caused alarm among aid workers, who are struggling to deal with the humanitarian crisis brought on by the severe drought and conflict in Somalia. Hundreds of thousands of people have fled into overflowing refugee camps in recent months in search of food and sanctuary, but many more remain in rebel-held famine zones where aid agencies have only limited access. The World Health Organisation said on Friday that Somalia was experiencing a cholera epidemic. Linked to dirty water, poor sanitation and crowded settlements, the intestinal infection causes dehydration and is often fatal. In just one hospital in Mogadishu, there have been 4,272 recorded cases of acute watery diarrhoea, a key indicator of the risk of cholera, causing 181 deaths. Most of those who have died were aged under five. Laboratory tests conducted on a sample of the cases this week suggested 60% of the infections were cholera. While Somalia has experienced seasonal cholera outbreaks in recent years, this one is much worse. “The number of cases is two or even three times what was there last year,” Dr Michel Yao, WHO’s public health adviser, said in Geneva on Friday. “So we can say that we have an epidemic of cholera going on.” Yao said that the risk of the disease spreading was high since people were still moving around in search of food aid. At least 100,000 Somalis have fled to Mogadishu from the countryside in the last two months. An even greater number have travelled to sprawling drought-affected refugee camps in Kenya and Ethiopia. In Kenya’s Dadaab settlement, about 1,400 Somalis arrive every day, pushing the number of recorded refugees past 400,000. A further 38,000 people still await registration. With the three Dadaab camps overflowing, most of the new arrivals have been forced to settle on the outskirts, far from latrines and water points. Aid workers say that unless these families are moved to more suitable areas before the next rains, fresh cholera outbreaks are likely. The UN refugee agency (UNHCR) says it hopes to move 90,000 of the refugees to better-equipped settlements in Dadaab before November, though the plans are dependent on permission from Kenya, which has complained repeatedly about the burden of hosting so many Somalis. Meanwhile at the Dollo Ado refugee camps in south-eastern Ethiopia, home to nearly 120,000 Somali refugees, government health officers and aid workers conducted an urgent measles vaccination campaign this week. UNHCR said that 93 cases of measles had been recorded in the camps, with three deaths officially confirmed. But the real toll may be significantly higher. Community health workers reported that around a dozen people had died of measles on a single day earlier this month, UNHCR said. Normally measles is not life-threatening. But when children are severely malnourished – as many of the recent Somali arrivals are – it can be fatal. While numbers are difficult to confirm, the UN estimates that tens of thousands of Somalis have died this year of hunger-related causes. Famine conditions exist in two large regions of Somalia, as well as three smaller areas, including parts of Mogadishu where there are large concentrations of displaced people. Other regions of southern Somalia are expected to be declared famine zones in the next month or two. The aid effort in Mogadishu was eased slightly last week when most of the al-Shabab militias withdrew following an offensive by African Union troops and pro-government forces. The Islamists claimed that the move was strategic, and said their fighters would adopt guerrilla tactics from now on rather than trying to hold ground in Mogadishu against the better-equipped AU peacekeepers. But the rebels have been rocked by divisions due to their handling of the food crisis. Some of the hardline leaders, who come from the north of Somalia, have denied there is a famine in the south and refused to lift a ban on organisations such as the World Food Programme, the agency best equipped to manage a hunger emergency. This has angered local al-Shabab leaders, who want the people to receive help, even if it comes from the west. Interviews with refugees suggest that the rebels’ restrictions on aid, as well as their policy of taking food and animals as “taxes”, has eroded whatever support they may once have enjoyed. Despite the withdrawal from Mogadishu, the Islamists still control much of southern Somalia, including the main famine zones. Somalia Kenya Famine Ethiopia Refugees Cholera Drought Xan Rice guardian.co.uk

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Democrats are trying to make political hay of Mitt Romney’s “corporations are people” line in Iowa earlier this week, reports Politico . The DNC is out with a new ad that replays the candidate’s exchange at the state fair, in which he argues that everything corporations earn goes back into “people’s…

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This part is simple enough: Graffiti artist Shepard Fairey has a black eye and a bruised rib after getting jumped in Copenhagen over a new mural he made, reports the Guardian . Fairey, creator of the Obama “hope poster ,” writes on his own blog that it began when a “kid, maybe…

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Monty Python’s Life of Brian recreated for BBC comic drama

The story behind the making of the film and the religious storm it caused are the subject of Holy Flying Circus As Brian Cohen, the hapless hero of Monty Python’s Life of Brian , finds out, it can be tricky stepping into the shoes of someone worshipped by all. And the fear of not passing muster is on the minds of all six actors cast as Pythons for a BBC comedy drama about the release of the film in 1979. Holy Flying Circus will tell the story of the making of Life of Brian and the righteous fury that surrounded the release of its satirical take on the gospels. It is the first attempt to dramatise the activities of the sextet who transformed the nature of comedy in this country and produced a British film now critically regarded as one of the very best. Coming together this summer to play Michael Palin, John Cleese, Terry Jones, Eric Idle, Terry Gilliam and the late Graham Chapman, the performers have admitted to feeling odd about playing men who have the status, if not of modern-day messiahs, then at least of comedy gods for their fans around the world. During the filming of BBC4′s Holy Flying Circus , which is written by Tony Roche, co-writer of In the Loop and The Thick of It , its stars were initially wary of impersonating such famous comics. “We wanted to be affectionate about the Pythons and we all had a sense they were our comedy heroes,” said director Owen Harris. “You could feel the anxiety in the room when the actors got together in character for the first time. We had a room full of Pythons.” Harris, who has previously directed the hit series Misfits , encouraged the actors not to worry too much about portraying their characters authentically. “We didn’t want impersonators, although in the end we have got an amazing set of Pythons. I don’t know what the originals will think. They will all be seeing it for the first time when it goes out next month,” he said. Comedian and writer Steve Punt, who plays Idle, found the humour of Roche’s screenplay guided the performances. “When you are playing someone who is not only an icon of comedy, but who is still alive, it does feel pretty strange. But the secret is the script. It is funny and not at all a forensic depiction of the people. It captures the spirit of the Pythons.” Darren Boyd, star of Case Sensitive , plays Cleese and has tweeted about how odd it felt to stand in a street “doing the silly walk” or thrashing things with a stick “a la Fawlty Towers “. But happily for Boyd, encouragement came down from on high. Stephen Fry, who makes a cameo appearance as God in the film, offered support on set. “God just gave me his blessing regarding my Cleese ‘look’. He was most enthusiastic. My life is complete,” tweeted Boyd. Next, one of the original Pythons, Terry Jones, gave the actor who plays him a remote blessing via Twitter. When Rufus Jones messaged him to say he was playing him in a BBC4 drama, the Python replied that his efforts were “all in a good cause”. This weekend the 69-year-old, who directed Life of Brian , told the Observer he “loved the script” of the new production. “It is a wild flight of fancy and I am keeping my fingers crossed about how I am played,” Jones said. Canadian comic Phil Nichol plays Gilliam, while Charles Edwards plays Michael Palin and Tom Fisher plays Graham Chapman, the most laconic Python, who died of cancer in 1989 aged 48. Unlike other recent BBC4 docu-dramas about comedians, such as Tony Hancock and Hattie Jacques, Holy Flying Circus aims to be a comedy in its own right. “It has a very different tone from other films in that strand,” said Harris. “We are calling it a fantastical reimagining.” Inspired by Python, the director said the film tells its story in an unorthodox way. “It is non-linear for a start, and has animation in it, like Terry Gilliam’s work. We took his drawings as a starting point and then applied our own craft. In the end some of the sequences are rather like the American cartoon Family Guy , although not visually.” The new drama centres on a notorious television confrontation that took place on 9 November 1979 between two of the Pythons, Cleese and Palin, and the Roman Catholic writer and broadcaster Malcolm Muggeridge, who believed that Life of Brian was a weak and scurrilous attack on Christianity. At Muggeridge’s side for the debate on the BBC2 show Friday Night, Saturday Morning was the Bishop of Southwark, Mervyn Stockwood. “You might say Holy Flying Circus is a comedy equivalent of the film Frost/Nixon , marking a historic TV moment, but that was much more factual and we are playful, although the debate itself is verbatim,” explained Harris. “I do wonder whether viewers will realise that, because some of it is quite extraordinary.” Although Life of Brian was a box-office success, it was met with a volley of international protest from religious groups. Thirty-nine British local authorities imposed some sort of ban. The plot centres on the unfortunate chain of events that follow the mistaken identification of a young Judean man as a new religious leader. Reluctant to the last, Cohen, played by Chapman, is tragically unable to clarify the misunderstanding. During the TV debate, chaired by the lyricist Tim Rice, Muggeridge called the film “squalid” and “tenth rate”. The bishop levelled some low blows too, accusing the film of being “fourth form revue” standard and implying the Pythons were “mentally deficient”. “It was a clash of cultures. Palin became quite frustrated, but both he and Cleese remained respectful. But the respect wasn’t returned,” said Harris. Terry Jones too, remains annoyed by Muggeridge. “It was quite a cheek because he had missed the opening of the film,” he said. “They had a good lunch and then arrived late at the viewing theatre that day.” Comedy BBC4 BBC Television industry Religion Comedy Vanessa Thorpe guardian.co.uk

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Today marks the 50th anniversary of the start of construction on the Berlin Wall, prompting Der Spiegel to assess how Germany is handling its Cold War legacy. Answer: With kitsch, and lots of it. Entrepreneurs have found ways to capitalize, primarily in irreverent ways. They’re trying everything from guided tours…

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Morrisons to fund 1,000 degrees in retail studies

Supermarket chain aims to enrol 1,000 people in its ‘Futures’ programme within next 18 months Morrisons will fund the degree studies of 1,000 A-level students in a move to recruit its future senior managers straight from school. The Bradford-based supermarket chain said the initiative, to be announced this week, would offer young people with the “right drive and attitude” the chance to get a management education from one of the UK’s top business schools without the attendant student debt. It aims to enrol 1,000 people in its “Futures” programme within the next 18 months, with the first 100 in place by the end of the summer. Norman Pickavance, a Morrisons group director, said: “This is an opportunity for young people who have the right drive and attitude to reach senior management levels in the company. It offers a genuine alternative to self-funded university qualifications.” So-called “corporate” degrees are expected to become increasingly common as companies and students adjust to the new environment and Morrisons said the foundation degree would have “currency” with other employers. The retail sector employs three million people, a third of whom are under 25, and Morrisons is not the only company offering higher education opportunities. Tesco, for example, has an A-level trainee management scheme and also sponsors a pre-degree foundation course in retail with Manchester Metropolitan University and the University of the Arts London. Other industries are also entering the fray with pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline sponsoring a module on University of Nottingham chemistry degrees. Earlier this year the UK boss of McDonald’s urged more businesses to recruit school leavers and end decades of snobbery that favoured graduates. Jill McDonald said it was time to stop belittling their qualifications by calling them “dumbed down”. “We need to remove the snobbery that does down workplace learning. For many put off by high fees, this could be the route they take.” Morrisons, which describes itself as a “practical down-to-earth” business, offers more apprenticeships than any other British company as its trains butchers, bakers and fishmongers for its stores. Pickavance said there were not enough opportunities for young people that offered real social mobility and companies had a “responsibility” to provide them. “Too often retailers and other big corporates are faceless and the events of last week show that is not a good recipe.” Store managers run multimillion-pound businesses putting them in the top 10% of earners in Britain, he said. Successful candidates receive a starting salary of around £12,000 but are expected to progress to store manager within seven years. Targeting 18- to 24-year-olds with two Bs and a C at A-level, trainees are required to “get their hands dirty” in stores for an initial six-month training period before embarking on their foundation degree in retail management at the University of Bradford School of Business, which has been tailored to the company’s requirements. Students are required to study at home for eight hours a week but will also attend intensive study courses at regional centres. The graduates are promised senior management opportunities in stores and beyond. The company’s £4m investment equate to £4,000 in tuition fees per person. Higher education Morrisons Supermarkets Retail industry Zoe Wood guardian.co.uk

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Probably just a coincidence, but as GOP presidential hopefuls were whipping up their best barbecue ahead of today’s straw poll in Ames, Sarah Palin decided to pay a visit yesterday to the Iowa State Fair. Though she contended she was simply accepting an invitation, Palin was well-received: She was mobbed…

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A-level pupils face a ‘frantic’ struggle to win university places

General secretary of the University and College union warns that stakes are high this year for those in the clearing system The clearing process for teenagers who fail to make their A-level grades this summer will be “the most frantic and stressful in living memory”, the general secretary of the University and College Union (UCU) has warned. Sally Hunt, the leader of the lecturers’ trade union, said: “The stakes have never been higher for university applicants. With tuition fees set to treble from 2012, demand for places this summer is likely to be unprecedented. “I fear that clearing will be the most frantic and stressful in living memory with thousands of young people, encouraged to aspire to university throughout their lives, left disappointed. Those who are unable to get a place this year face the prospect of having to pay the highest public university fees in the world.” However, Mary Curnock Cook, the chief executive of the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (Ucas), told the Observer there were no signs that the near-trebling of tuition fees would spark a dramatic rise in competition for places. She predicted that the number of students eligible to enter clearing would be similar to last year – just over 209,000 – and they will be competing for roughly the same number of places – just over

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