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Wait a second before you buy that “over the hill” cake for your buddy’s 40th birthday: Research shows that satisfaction and optimism actually increase after we reach middle age, and peak as late as our 80s. Why? Responsibilities ease, maturity increases, and we are often able to focus on doing…

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Police open fire and use teargas against demonstrators attempting to march to presidential palace More than 400 people have been injured after police fired live rounds and used teargas on protesters attempting to march to a presidential palace in Yemen’s Red Sea city of Hudaida, according to doctors. The violence broke out at a march scheduled to take place at 2am local time (11pm GMT) in protest against a security crackdown on rallies in Taiz, south of the capital, that killed two and wounded hundreds on Sunday. A few thousand demonstrators were said to have taken part in the march, local residents told Reuters. Protests inspired by uprisings in Egypt and Tunisia have brought President Ali Abdullah Saleh’s 32-year rule to the verge of collapse. But the president called on Sunday for an end to the violence, signalling he has no intention of resigning. “They suddenly gathered around the province’s administrative building and headed to the presidential palace, but police stopped them by firing gunshots in the air and using teargas. I saw a lot of plain-clothes police attack them too,” a witness told Reuters by phone. Doctors at a local hospital said nine people had gunshot wounds, 350 suffered from teargas inhalation, and around 50 had been wounded by plain-clothes police hurling rocks. The presidential palace in Hudaida is one of several homes kept by Saleh, 68, around the country. He was most likely at the presidential palace in capital Sanaa on Monday. Earlier on Sunday, at least two people died and hundreds were hurt when police tried to break up protests in Taiz, the site of some of the largest and angriest protests against the president’s rule, and where doctors said they had treated hundreds suffering from tear gas inhalation. Protesters have been camping out in main squares throughout Yemen for weeks and have been coming under regular attack. Saleh’s top security official in Taiz, Abdullah Qiran, is accused by demonstrators of orchestrating some of the most brutal crackdowns. In an address to visiting supporters from Taiz province, Saleh said: “We call on the opposition coalition to end the crisis by ending sit-ins, blocking roads and assassinations, and they should end the state of rebellion in some military units,” Saleh told visiting supporters from Taiz province. “We are ready to discuss transferring power, but in a peaceful and constitutional framework,” he added to chants of “No concessions after today!”. Saleh’s ruling party also said it had not received a proposed transition plan from opposition parties that envisages Saleh handing power to a vice president while steps are taken towards creating a national unity government and calling new elections. At least 97 demonstrators have been killed in Yemen since protests began on 11 February, according to human rights activists in the country. About 49 were killed several weeks ago when snipers on rooftops opened fire at demonstrators in the capital, Sanaa. Yemen Protest Middle East Ben Quinn guardian.co.uk

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Libyan peace envoy flies to Athens

• Regime seeking way out, says Greek foreign minister • Turkish ship overwhelmed in evacuation mission Renewed signs that key figures in Muammar Gaddafi’s regime are seeking an end to the crisis emerged on Sunday when the deputy foreign minister, Abdul Ati al-Obeidi, flew to Greece using the same route out as defector and his former boss, Moussa Koussa apparently with a message from the Libyan government seeking a way out of the crisis. After meeting Obeidi Greece’s foreign minister, Dimitris Droustas said: “From the Libyan envoy’s comments it appears that the regime is seeking a solution.” Droustas added that Greek officials had underlined the international community’s call for Gaddafi to end hostilities. The message, Droustas said, was: “Full respect and implementation of United Nations decisions, an immediate ceasefire, an end to violence and hostilities, particularly against the civilian population of Libya.” In a further sign of willingness within the regime to negotiate an end to the crisis, it was also claimed that Saif al-Islam, one of Gaddafi’s sons and a pivotal figure in the regime, was proposing a compromise resolution to the country’s civil war involving the Libyan leader relinquishing power to a new constitutional democracy. Saif was said to be suggesting a transition under his direction as a possible way out of the impasse between the regime, in Tripoli, and the rebel forces in Benghazi. The report coincided with another from a well-placed Arab source of an approach by Gaddafi to the former UN secretary-general, Kofi Annan. Gaddafi is said to have offered political reforms during a transition period overseen by one of his sons, the source said. Annan was involved in important aspects of bringing Libya in from the cold during his decade running the UN from 1997 to 2007. Saif’s move followed a visit to London by Mohammed Ismail, a key Gaddafi aide, revealed by the Guardian on Friday, to explore possible exit strategies for the Libyan regime. The diplomatic moves came as a Turkish effort to assist civilians trapped in western Libya brought a reminder of the plight of Libyans on the ground. A Turkish ship that sailed into Misrata to rescue about 250 wounded people had to leave after crowds pressed forward on the quayside. “It’s a very hard situation … We had to leave early,” Turkish consular official Ali Akin told Reuters after the ship stopped to pick up more wounded in the eastern rebel stronghold, Benghazi. Turkey’s foreign minister ordered the ship into Misrata after it spent four days waiting for permission to dock. It arrived under cover from 10 Turkish air force F-16 fighters and two navy frigates. Misrata, Libya’s third city, rose up with other towns against Gaddafi’s rule in mid-February, but it is now surrounded by government troops. After weeks of shelling and encirclement, Gaddafi’s forces appear to be gradually loosening the rebels’ hold on the city. David Cameron has sent a small Foreign Office team to Benghazi to undertake further consultations with rebels on a possible ceasefire and the makeup of a new government in the event of Gaddafi leaving. The team, led by the British ambassador to Italy, Christopher Prentice, arrived in Benghazi on Saturday, leaving Richard Northern, the British ambassador to Tripoli, in London to oversee operations. Prentice has spent much of his career in the Middle East including Iraq and Jordan. British officials want to know more about the nature of the transitional council, its accountability, and whether it would give Gaddafi safe passage out of the country rather than force him to face trial. It would also discuss the prospect of arming the rebels, but the foreign secretary, William Hague, said on Sunday that Britain was unlikely to be involved in this. With Hague due to make a statement on last week’s defection of Libya’s foreign minister, Moussa Koussa, other defections and the general state of the civil war, it was reported that Obeidi would travel next to Turkey and Malta, in a sign that Gaddafi’s regime may be softening. Reports out of Tunisia had noted that Obeidi left Libya via Tunisia, the same route taken by Koussa. Obeidi, the Libyan minister of European affairs, had previously accompanied Koussa to the Tunisian town of Djerba last Wednesday but returned to Tripoli while Koussa flew on to London. A former prime minister, Obeidi is a highly trusted figure and veteran of some of the most sensitive chapters of his country’s recent diplomatic history. He negotiated the controversial release of the Lockerbie bomber, Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, in 2009. Officials in Greece said there had been high-level contacts with Britain, Qatar and Libya before Obeidi’s mission to Athens. There have been widespread rumours since Koussa’s defection last week that other senior officials may follow. The speculation has been encouraged by western governments, which see the implosion of the regime as desirable. The Nato-led coalition currently undertaking air strikes against the Libyan military has been divided over whether regime change is a legitimate goal. According to a report in the New York Times, Saif al-Islam – who holds no formal position – is proposing a transition to a constitutional democracy under his direction. However, British sources have stressed there is no suggestion that Gaddafi is willing to accept the proposal. With M16 heavily involved in an effort to destabilise the regime, the rumours of deals being offered by senior Gaddafi figures are hard to verify. The Interim National Council, which is heading the rebellion, has insisted that Gaddafi must relinquish power and is unlikely to accept his family’s involvement in a move to a new government. Although Saif has launched belligerent attacks on the uprising in the east and has publicly pledged that his family will “live and die in Libya”, some see him as more pragmatic than his father. He has had a long association with western figures, including Tony Blair and Lord Mandelson, and studied at the LSE. Hague insisted it was right to let former Libyan intelligence chief Koussa come to Britain, and denied there had been any deal involving his asylum. He said his officials would meet Scottish police today to discuss when they would be allowed to interview Koussa about the Lockerbie bombing and other crimes, saying: “We want more information about past events.” The Foreign Office said only that Koussa would be “entitled to apply for asylum”. But Tory MP Ben Wallace, parliamentary aide to justice secretary Ken Clarke, told the Mail on Sunday: “This man should not be granted asylum or any other special treatment. The only proper outcome is to bring him to justice.” Hague declined to say whether Koussa had been contacting ex-colleagues urging them to follow his example. “I think that when someone like that says they want to get out it would be quite wrong to say no, you have got to stay there,” he told the BBC’s Andrew Marr Show. He said he did not believe that the conflict would end in a stalemate. “Let’s be clear, if the Libyan regime tries to hang on in this situation, they are internationally isolated, they can’t sell any oil,” he said. “There is no future for Libya on that basis, and so I think even the prospect of stalemate should encourage people in Tripoli to think, ‘Well, Gaddafi has now got to go.’” Arab and Middle East unrest Moussa Koussa Libya Middle East Greece Harriet Sherwood Ian Black Patrick Wintour guardian.co.uk

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Lindsey Graham is pretty torqued about Terry Jones’ Koran-burning stunt, Politico reports, and wants Congress to look into the unlikely possibility of limiting some kinds of speech. “I wish we could find a way to hold people accountable. Free speech is a great idea, but we’re in a war,” he…

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Air France 447 search yields hope

Robot submarines locate wreckage from still unexplained disaster but flight recorders remain missing Pieces of wreckage from an Air France plane that crashed in the Atlantic in 2009 with 228 people on board have been recovered by underwater teams, according to French investigators. A fourth attempt began last month to locate remains of the aircraft, and particularly its flight recorders, in the hope of determining the cause of the still unexplained disaster. The wreckage was recovered at the weekend by a salvage vessel equipped with unmanned submarines, the French air accident investigation agency, the BEA, said on Sunday night. The agency said the pieces were identified as parts of flight 447, which crashed on 1 June 2009 en route from Rio de Janeiro to Paris. In what was the worst loss of life involving an Air France plane in the firm’s 75-year history, those who died included more than 30 nationalities. Search operations that took place in the wake of the crash led to the recovery of 50 bodies as well as hundreds of pieces of the aircraft, including its torn-off tail, but the last search ended in May 2010 after it had failed to find the plane’s voice and data recorders. The latest search, which is being carried out using a deep-sea vessel called Alucia and is being financed by the plane’s manufacturers, Air France and Airbus, has been designed to cover an area of approximately 3,900 sq miles. Robotic equipment has been used to forage in depths of up to 4,000 metres in an area of the ocean floor between Africa and Brazil. Finding the black boxes is seen as essential to help crash experts and relatives understand why flight 447 plunged into a remote part of the Atlantic during an equatorial storm. “This is very good news because it brings with it the hope that at last we will get some information on what caused this accident, which to this day remains unexplained,” Air France-KLM’s chief executive Pierre-Henri Gourgeon said. Speculation about the cause of the crash has focused on the possible icing-up of the aircraft’s speed sensors, which appeared to give inconsistent readings seconds before the plane vanished. But an accident report said it was impossible to establish a clear cause without further data held in the missing recorders. “We do hope that the discovery will lead to the retrieval and reading of the two recorders because this data is essential for the understanding of this accident,” said a spokesman for Airbus. A passenger jet carries two recorders, one for cockpit voices and another to log data from the aircraft’s systems. Air France and Airbus were both placed under formal investigation over the crash last month as part of a French criminal investigation into the causes of the crash. Groups representing victims’ families have criticised the way previous searches were carried out. Plane crashes France Europe Air transport Airline industry Ben Quinn guardian.co.uk

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Fatigue cracking has been found along the entire 5-foot section of a Southwest Airlines jet that ripped open on Friday, forcing an emergency landing in Arizona. The NTSB says that mechanics will cut a 9-foot by 3-foot section of the plane and send it to Washington, DC, for testing. Southwest…

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The Tasmanian devil is nobody’s idea of lovable. The combative screeching marsupial was once the most reviled animal in Australia. But now that the creature is on the brink of extinction , Australians have found a well of sympathy for the little devil, the LA Times reports. The devil’s snarling face…

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As forces loyal to Alassane Ouattara prepared a final push to drive Laurent Gbagbo from power in Ivory Coast, the UN was evacuating some 200 staffers from its oft-targeted headquarters in Abidjan. And as the UN moved out, an additional 300 French forces moved in, reports the AP, claiming control…

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Pakistan bomb leaves 40 dead

Two suicide bombers target visitors to a shrine in the Dera Ghazi Khan district of Punjab province Two suicide bombers struck a shrine in Pakistan on Sunday, killing at least 40 people gathered there, as part of a campaign of attacks against places of worship that extremists consider un-Islamic. The practice of praying, singing and meditating at the shrines of holy men is widespread across Pakistan. However, extremists consider it a deviation from the austere Islam they espouse. Several thousand people were attending celebrations to mark the anniversary of the Sakhi Sarwar shrine in the Dera Ghazi Khan district of Punjab province when the bombers struck crowds outside the complex, said government administrator Iftikhar Saho. A stampede followed the bombings, but it was unclear whether that caused any casualties. Footage on state television showed emergency services travelling to hospitals and volunteers helping blood-soaked victims. Shrines in Pakistan range from one-room tombs in small villages to large complexes in cities that attract thousands every day. There has been a series of bloody attacks on themshrines, including one that killed 47 people at the nation’s most revered shrine in Lahore last year. Local and foreign Islamist militants have carried out hundreds of attacks in Pakistan over the last three years, targeting government buildings and security forces, western targets like embassies and hotels as well as religious minorities and Muslim sects they consider heretical. The government and the army have tried to crack down on the militants, but have struggled to unite the nation against the threat, and face persistent allegations that they are protecting extremists. Many Islamist politicians do not publicly criticise the militants, preferring to spread conspiracy theories that American or Indian agents are responsible. These views are widely aired, often uncritically, in some media. Pakistan Global terrorism guardian.co.uk

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There have been reports that the CIA’s on the ground in Libya, but al-Jazeera now says that Libyan rebels are receiving covert training and possibly weapons from US and Egyptian special forces. An unnamed rebel tells a Jazeera reporter in Benghazi that rebels had been supplied with “state-of-the-art, heat-seeking rockets”…

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