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Japan PM faces poll pressure to quit

Most believe government has mishandled nuclear crisis and recovery from earthquake and tsunami, according to Nikkei poll Japanese voters have delivered a damning verdict on the prime minister’s handling of the nuclear crisis, with a majority calling for a new leader to take the helm as the country attempts to recover from last month’s earthquake and tsunami. Naoto Kan, who has been in office for less than a year, can expect little respite even after the operator of the stricken Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco), said it hoped to effectively end the crisis within the next six to nine months. The government has yet to say when tens of thousands of people evacuated from the area will be allowed to return home, while the rebuilding effort along Japan’s north-east coast has barely begun more than five weeks after the disaster. The government’s chief spokesman, Yukio Edano, has said Tepco’s target of achieving “cold shutdown” of damaged reactors by early next year would only be met if “everything goes smoothly”. Tepco stood by its time frame, despite the release of data showing that radiation levels in two reactor buildings were still too high for workers to enter. The new readings were released after US-made robots entered reactor buildings numbers one and three, the first time machines have been employed since the plant was damaged by the earthquake and tsunami. “We expected high radioactivity inside the reactor buildings, which was confirmed by data collected by the robot,” Edano said. “Even I had expected high radioactivity in those areas. I’m sure Tepco and other experts factored in those figures when they compiled the roadmap.” Takeshi Makigami, a Tepco official, said: “The robots can only do so much. Eventually, people will have to enter the buildings.” More than 27,000 people died or are still missing after the 11 March earthquake and tsunami, while 136,000 people are living in shelters. Damages from the natural disasters alone could reach a record $300bn (£184bn). In a poll taken by the Nikkei business newspaper, almost 70% of respondents said Kan should be replaced, while a similar proportion said his government had mishandled the nuclear crisis. The political truce declared in the early days of the crisis has ended. Calls have grown for Kan’s resignation; Masashi Waki, an MP from the opposition Liberal Democratic party (LDP), accused him of dithering from the outset. “The prime minister is working hard and must be experiencing difficulties,” Waki, told the upper house budget committee. “But many people have questions about his leadership.” He then addressed Kan directly: “You should be bowing your head in apology. You clearly have nothing to offer as a leader.” Kan apologised for the turmoil the nuclear accident had created, but said he would strive to bring a quick end to the Fukushima emergency and begin the post-tsunami reconstruction effort. “Japan has experienced many crises in the past,” he said, “But I believe this is the biggest in the 65 years since the second world war. I want to make every effort on both issues.” According to the Nikkei poll, voters would prefer Kan’s Democratic party of Japan (DPJ) administration to co-operate with the LDP to address the myriad economic and social issues confronting Japan. The LDP has turned down offers from Kan to form a grand coalition, however, and called for Kan’s resignation. But colleagues say he is unlikely to step down. “It is impossible to change prime ministers at a time like this,” said Hajime Ishii, a DPJ upper house MP. “Other countries would view that as abnormal. At a time when we must work on rebuilding after the earthquake, it is not possible to have a DPJ leadership vote or a general election.” Japan disaster Natural disasters and extreme weather Nuclear power Japan Energy Nikkei Justin McCurry guardian.co.uk

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France rushes in custody reforms

European court of human rights has repeatedly challenged France for locking up suspects without charge and denying access to lawyers France was forced to rush in urgent reforms to its treatment of people in police custody this weekend, a move that follows years of international condemnation that it was trampling the most basic human rights. France’s claim to be “the country of human rights” has been repeatedly challenged by the European court of human rights (ECHR), which warned suspects were being locked up without charge and with no access to lawyers. The court said France had an unjust police custody system overseen by state prosecutors who were not independent but in thrall to the government. France was also told it was breaking international law by not telling suspects they had a right to remain silent. Under pressure from the ECHR, the French parliament voted in January for a reform allowing suspects to have a lawyer present during questioning and to be granted the right to remain silent. The change was due to come into force in June, but France’s constitutional council ruled this weekend it must be changed immediately, sparking panic as lawyers descended on police stations and police officers warned of absolute chaos. The French system of holding a suspect for up to 96 hours without charge, denying them lawyers or any chance to organise a defence or prepare for questioning was found to contravene the French constitution itself. The only access to a lawyer was for a 30-minute visit to check the suspect was well, but not for discussing defence. The notoriously tough system, which allowed suspects as young as 13 to be held, became a plank of president Nicolas Sarkozy’s tough-on-crime approach and target-based police culture. Even Sarkozy’s prime minister, Francois Fillon, admitted it was shocking that 800,000 people a year were held in police custody, two thirds more than in 2002. There was a scandal last year over the abuse by police of their powers when four 14-year-olds were detained in police custody over a fight outside a school. One was taken from her home in her nightclothes and locked in a cell for 10 hours. Amnesty International has highlighted cases of deaths in police custody and warned against police brutality. The government wants to reduce the number of people in custody to 500,000 a year. One lawyer called to one of the first cases after the reform was put into action said it was a revolutionary moment, as important “as the storming of the Bastille”. Police complained of a new burden to their workload and one police union criticised the move to allow lawyers to attend the questioning of suspects, accusing some of them of thinking they were appearing in American TV series. France Europe European court of human rights Human rights Nicolas Sarkozy Angelique Chrisafis guardian.co.uk

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Wonder how some of those tax dollars are slipping away? Here’s a hint. The super rich are paying a far lower tax rate than they did 20 years ago, and nearly half of all US households—both rich and poor—pay no taxes at all. People with the 400 highest…

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M1 pressed into action by board man

Extreme ironing enthusiast takes advantage of motorway closure after scrapyard fire to iron his shirt in the middle lane Extreme ironing was born in the UK, so perhaps it should come as no surprise that one opportunistic enthusiast used the closure of the M1 motorway to indulge his passion for the sport. Described as “the latest danger sport that combines the thrills of an extreme outdoor activity with the satisfaction of a well-pressed shirt”, extreme ironing fittingly has its roots in Leicester, served by the M1 . Phil Shaw, who has written the definitive book on the sport , is oft credited with inventing it in 1997, and since then instances have sprung up across the globe. Last year the travel website Gadling.com compiled the 10 best ironing stunts from around the world, featuring two separate instances of ironing on canoes and a particularly daring attempt to press a shirt while skydiving . The dressing gown-clad individual who jogged onto the M1 to iron what appeared to be a single white shirt in reality had enough time to rattle through the rest of his wardrobe, with all southbound lanes between junctions one and four remaining closed until further notice because of fire damage. The seven-mile section has been shut since Friday after a blaze at a scrapyard underneath an elevated section in the Mill Hill area of north London. The full width of the motorway will not reopen until the middle or end of next week. The good news for extreme ironers is sadly unlikely to offset the misery suffered by motorists and holidaymakers. Road transport Extreme sports Transport Adam Gabbatt guardian.co.uk

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M1 pressed into action by board man

Extreme ironing enthusiast takes advantage of motorway closure after scrapyard fire to iron his shirt in the middle lane Extreme ironing was born in the UK, so perhaps it should come as no surprise that one opportunistic enthusiast used the closure of the M1 motorway to indulge his passion for the sport. Described as “the latest danger sport that combines the thrills of an extreme outdoor activity with the satisfaction of a well-pressed shirt”, extreme ironing fittingly has its roots in Leicester, served by the M1 . Phil Shaw, who has written the definitive book on the sport , is oft credited with inventing it in 1997, and since then instances have sprung up across the globe. Last year the travel website Gadling.com compiled the 10 best ironing stunts from around the world, featuring two separate instances of ironing on canoes and a particularly daring attempt to press a shirt while skydiving . The dressing gown-clad individual who jogged onto the M1 to iron what appeared to be a single white shirt in reality had enough time to rattle through the rest of his wardrobe, with all southbound lanes between junctions one and four remaining closed until further notice because of fire damage. The seven-mile section has been shut since Friday after a blaze at a scrapyard underneath an elevated section in the Mill Hill area of north London. The full width of the motorway will not reopen until the middle or end of next week. The good news for extreme ironers is sadly unlikely to offset the misery suffered by motorists and holidaymakers. Road transport Extreme sports Transport Adam Gabbatt guardian.co.uk

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Nigerian election marred by violence

Nigeria’s Muslim north erupts in anger as Christian incumbent Goodluck Jonathan takes commanding lead in presidential election Angry opposition supporters in Nigeria’s Muslim north set fire to homes bearing ruling party banners and heavy gunfire rang out in several towns as officials released presidential election results on Monday showing the Christian incumbent Goodluck Jonathan had gained an insurmountable lead. Results were still pending in four states from Saturday’s election but tallies released live on national television indicated Jonathan had a commanding lead of more than 11m votes with about 6m left to be announced. The Muslim north had largely voted for former military ruler Muhammadu Buhari. Witnesses said youths in the northern city of Kano were setting fire to homes that bore the banners of Jonathan’s People’s Democratic party. Associated Press saw hundreds of youths carrying wooden planks in the street, shouting “Only Buhari” in the Hausa language. In Kaduna, home to the oil-rich nation’s vice president Namadi Sambo, angry young men burned tyres in the streets and threw stones at police and soldiers trying to restore order, according to witnesses. Shehu Sani, a civil rights leader, said: “I’m holed up in my room. There’s gunshots everywhere. They are firing and killing people on the street.” Kaduna state police spokesman Aminu Lawal described the fighting as an uprising. Federal emergency management agency spokesman Yushua Shuaib declined to release casualty figures, fearing the details would further stoke sectarian violence. “Such a thing can encourage a reprisal attack,” he said. Election officials said they would finish releasing election results throughout Monday regardless of the violence. Over the weekend, opposition supporters rioted in the north-eastern state of Gombe. Protesters burned down the house of the local chairman of the ruling party, two hotels and at least two buses. The rioters accused Gombe’s ruling party government of rigging the results to ensure Jonathan got at least 25% of the vote. Police chief Suleiman Lawal said on Sunday there had been a “complete breakdown of law and order”. Nigeria’s elections have long been marred by violence and rigging. On Saturday, a hotel blast in Kaduna wounded eight people and a police officer was shot dead at a Maiduguri polling station. Nigeria, a nation of 150 million people, is divided between the Christian-dominated south and the Muslim north. A dozen states across Nigeria’s north have Islamic Sharia law in place, although the area remains under the control of secular state governments. Thousands have been killed in Muslim-Christian violence in the last decade, but the roots of the sectarian conflict are often embedded in struggles for political and economic dominance. The country’s Muslim north regards Jonathan as the Christian from the south who took over after the death of the country’s elected Muslim leader. The People’s Democratic party has dominated Nigerian politics since it became a democracy 12 years ago. Many of the north’s elite wanted the ruling party to honour an unwritten power-sharing agreement calling for a Muslim candidate to run for president, yet Jonathan prevailed in the party’s primary election. Nigeria Islam guardian.co.uk

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Nigerian election marred by violence

Nigeria’s Muslim north erupts in anger as Christian incumbent Goodluck Jonathan takes commanding lead in presidential election Angry opposition supporters in Nigeria’s Muslim north set fire to homes bearing ruling party banners and heavy gunfire rang out in several towns as officials released presidential election results on Monday showing the Christian incumbent Goodluck Jonathan had gained an insurmountable lead. Results were still pending in four states from Saturday’s election but tallies released live on national television indicated Jonathan had a commanding lead of more than 11m votes with about 6m left to be announced. The Muslim north had largely voted for former military ruler Muhammadu Buhari. Witnesses said youths in the northern city of Kano were setting fire to homes that bore the banners of Jonathan’s People’s Democratic party. Associated Press saw hundreds of youths carrying wooden planks in the street, shouting “Only Buhari” in the Hausa language. In Kaduna, home to the oil-rich nation’s vice president Namadi Sambo, angry young men burned tyres in the streets and threw stones at police and soldiers trying to restore order, according to witnesses. Shehu Sani, a civil rights leader, said: “I’m holed up in my room. There’s gunshots everywhere. They are firing and killing people on the street.” Kaduna state police spokesman Aminu Lawal described the fighting as an uprising. Federal emergency management agency spokesman Yushua Shuaib declined to release casualty figures, fearing the details would further stoke sectarian violence. “Such a thing can encourage a reprisal attack,” he said. Election officials said they would finish releasing election results throughout Monday regardless of the violence. Over the weekend, opposition supporters rioted in the north-eastern state of Gombe. Protesters burned down the house of the local chairman of the ruling party, two hotels and at least two buses. The rioters accused Gombe’s ruling party government of rigging the results to ensure Jonathan got at least 25% of the vote. Police chief Suleiman Lawal said on Sunday there had been a “complete breakdown of law and order”. Nigeria’s elections have long been marred by violence and rigging. On Saturday, a hotel blast in Kaduna wounded eight people and a police officer was shot dead at a Maiduguri polling station. Nigeria, a nation of 150 million people, is divided between the Christian-dominated south and the Muslim north. A dozen states across Nigeria’s north have Islamic Sharia law in place, although the area remains under the control of secular state governments. Thousands have been killed in Muslim-Christian violence in the last decade, but the roots of the sectarian conflict are often embedded in struggles for political and economic dominance. The country’s Muslim north regards Jonathan as the Christian from the south who took over after the death of the country’s elected Muslim leader. The People’s Democratic party has dominated Nigerian politics since it became a democracy 12 years ago. Many of the north’s elite wanted the ruling party to honour an unwritten power-sharing agreement calling for a Muslim candidate to run for president, yet Jonathan prevailed in the party’s primary election. Nigeria Islam guardian.co.uk

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Goodluck Jonathan of the ruling People’s Democratic Party appears to have won a decisive victory in Nigeria’s most peaceful elections ever, with 20.3 million votes. The tally is nearly double his closet rival, according to an early report by the BBC . Jonathan, who has been Nigeria’s interm president since…

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Two runaway bestsellers about an American’s efforts building schools for girls in Pakistan and Afghanistan have been lashed as a ” pack of lies ” in a 60 Minutes investigation. Three Cups of Tea author Greg Mortenson has written about his experiences nursed to health by Pakistani villagers when he was lost…

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Mohammed Hasan Alwan’s Oil Field

A young boy finds his village transformed by the oil wells he can glimpse from the roof of his house, in this new story from Mohammed Hasan Alwan, translated by Peter Clark When Ja’far’s father went to work for SakOil, I asked my Dad about these oil fields everyone was talking about. He told me they weren’t that far from our village. That evening I kept on asking and asking him about them, and eventually he took me up to the roof of our house. He pointed with his slender hand to the eastern horizon, where five spots of light flickered uncertainly. “There,” he said gently, “under each of those flares is an oil well.” I was obsessed with these lights, staring at them like a moth which tries to steer by the stars, hoping that I could fly straight toward them. Over on the other side of the roof, the washing hung damp in the still air. An ant crawled over my foot, heading for a dark corner. I kicked it away – I wasn’t going anywhere. I stood up and followed my Dad back down to our living room like a disappointed Sufi. Yet my faith never vanished. All that hot, damp summer, I spent many hours looking at the flickerings of those flares as if I was some religious novice. They were like some great show, the gas squeezing up from the depths of the oil well to be consumed in flame against the intense black horizon, like some great dragon. I could hardly step onto the roof without looking to the east and counting those flares like a catechism. Every time one appeared I rushed to my Dad, a lucky astronomer who has sighted a new star in the sky. Dad never shared my excitement. Every morning I would watch the men setting off to work in those oil wells. Some went in cars to the SakOil headquarters wearing suits, though whenever they were in the village they wore the local thawbs. Others gathered at the vegetable souk where large buses took them to the distant fields. These wore blue overalls and long leather boots and carried yellow safety helmets. They were all enchanted for me, all heading for the mystical oil fields early in the morning and coming back at sunset. Out there they were subduing the earth, extracting oil, feeding those flares, discovering the impossible and mixing with Americans. In short, they were playing major roles on the world stage every day. And they weren’t just setting light to those flares above the oil wells, they were providing fuel for our village as well. When they got back they were full of illuminating stories, stories I collected up in my mind as if they were relics of an immortal saint. I treasured the tales cousin Sulaiman told when he came back from Bahrain for my grandmother’s funeral. He had worked on the first pipeline project, when American women were roaming the streets without covering their heads. “People used to be more accepting,” he said with a sigh. The men nodded. Once Ali, our neighbour, said he was one of the workers crowded around the king in the black and white photograph of a recently-discovered oil field hanging proudly on his sitting-room wall. I didn’t know he had been this close to royalty, so I asked which one was him. He said he was hiding his face because taking photographs is haram. My Dad said it was past my bedtime. Ja’far used to live in the street opposite our house. His Dad would spend three days without a break in the oil field, and then come home to spend a couple of days with his wife and children before setting off again. Ja’far told me his Dad boarded a fast boat that took him from the port of Ras Tannura to an off-shore oil rig in the Safaniya field in the middle of the sea. Ja’far became my best friend. Every day I heard a different story from him about his Dad. I didn’t ask myself whether a story was true or not – anything was possible for his Dad. All I wanted was one day to work in an oil field myself, and to have a son who would be as proud of me as Ja’far was of his Dad. My Dad didn’t work in the oil field. He taught at the deaf and dumb school at the end of our street. He spent his day with children who could not speak or hear, and so I could hardly expect him to bring home any interesting tales. When Dad came back with a bag of fresh hamour from the fish market and a bag of cabbage leaves from the souk, I’d be at the other end of the village, playing football with Ja’far. When his Dad got back from the oil rig he would greet me with a warm handshake. And one day he gave me a small medallion stamped with SakOil. I guarded it like a jewel from Paradise. One afternoon after prayers, Ja’far told me that he had some important news. His Dad would no longer be working in the Safaniya field. He was being transferred to a new oil field in the middle of the Empty Quarter. This meant that instead of boarding a fast boat he would be taking a plane owned by SakOil into the desert, translating him ever closer to heaven. I asked Dad that evening whether the flares we could see from our rooftop were in the middle of the sea or in the middle of the land. He replied with a laugh, his hands thrown up as if he was surrendering. “My boy, keep calm. One day you’ll see them at our front door.” “At our front door?” I almost shouted. He nodded, but he didn’t say any more. That night I dreamed about oil wells. I was up on the roof of our house singing the praises of the flares to a group of people down below, but I didn’t recognize them. The flares came closer and closer, and I carried on praising them loudly like a devoted sorcerer. They flickered even brighter and came right up to me in a circular wave of stars and fire. I bent down to the closest flare and reached out to touch it. My hand pierced the flare smoothly. It felt so cold. I kept my hand within the flame. I dreamed of the oil wells many times after that night, and it seemed as if my dreams were coming true. As the oil fields developed, the wells sprung up nearer and nearer to our village. Ja’far moved to al-Dammam – his mother muttering about the dangers of asthma and bronchitis – but I didn’t mind. Soon the wells were so close we could see the workers moving around the base, or climbing up to adjust the machinery. I was dreaming of the wells last night. My kid sister was coughing again, shaking and crying in the darkness as she struggled for air. She had woken up my mother as well, who came in with a drink of water and sat down beside her, stroking my sisters’ hair and humming an old song. I lifted my head from the pillow. “Do you think father knows anyone who could help me find a job at SakOil?” I asked. She stopped singing and looked up. “Go to sleep,” she said. • Supported by the National Lottery through Arts Council England Original writing Fiction Oil Oil spills BP oil spill Energy guardian.co.uk

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