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When you can only speak by twitching your cheek toward words flitting past your screen, you don’t tend to do a lot of interviews. But Stephen Hawking sat down with the New York Times last month to talk about his life, aliens, and health care. Some highlights: On aliens: Contacting…

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Holidays with a conscience?

A growing number of NGOs are offering package tours to developing countries so that donors can see their work in action The first thing Takayo Minakami did when she and her nine-year-old daughter Ghislaine got back from their trip to Ethiopia was sack the nanny. Then she told her husband there was no need to go for the fancy new wardrobe they had been eyeing up as part of a major overhaul of their Seattle home. The cheapest model would do fine. Meanwhile, Ghislaine stopped fighting with her younger brothers and kept hugging them at random moments, for no particular reason. “It was supposed to be a life-changing experience. But it was even better than we expected,” says Takayo. Takayo, 41, and Ghislaine were part of a group of similar well-off housewives and their daughters and nieces aged between seven and 17 who recently flew from Seattle to Addis Ababa on a package tour organised by an aid agency. Over a week, the group took in the sights, markets and flavours of the capital city like any other tourists. But most of their time was spent on a dusty journey to villages two hours’ drive away, where they met some of the country’s poorest people, learned about their lives and checked out – among other things – their toilet facilities. Water 1st is a Seattle-based non-governmental organisation that specialises in water sanitation and is one of a growing number of NGOs taking westerners on package tours to developing countries to see their work. The “water tour” brochure for February’s Ethiopia trip promised would-be travellers a “once in a lifetime experience”, with the aid agency providing transport, translators, accommodation, food and contact with the communities and the local aid agency that Water 1st works with. “It’s a better way of seeing real life in a country than you can see any other way,” says Kirk Anderson, one of the five staff who run Water 1st, which has raised $4m (£2.4m) for projects in four countries since its launch in 2005. “We try to make this affordable for as many people as possible while covering our costs,” he adds. The trip, excluding flights, cost $1,600 (£980) a head. “We don’t demand anything in return. But we make our money in donations when people get back home.” Some donors increase their donations from three figures to five figures, while others become loyal fundraisers for life. Those who went on the Ethiopia trip said they had an “awesome”, inspiring time and learned a lot. The children were “like sponges”, said one mother, absorbing the reality of a world where children laugh and take care of each other despite having flies crawling on their faces and no shoes. “The children were very dirty, very happy and excited and very welcoming. I played with a little girl who was really cute and super smart,” says Ghislaine, who is eager to go back. The group is aware that critics may accuse them of poverty tourism – paying to look at the poor to assuage their guilt. But most of those who travelled to Ethiopia talk of something more positive. “We live in a little bubble – we are comfortable, we have nice houses, food on our plates, clean water,” says Susan Sercu, 39, who took her 12-year-old daughter Giuliana on the trip. “What this does is give us more of a global perspective. It’s a chance to expose our children to what happens in the rest of the world. We want our children to be empathetic and informed. “I don’t feel bad about spending the money because it was educational and now we can be a kind of spokesperson, hopefully spreading the word.” Most of the Seattle families had never been to Africa or a developing country and felt reassured to be accompanied by experts. Anderson says the Ethiopians the group visited were thrilled to meet westerners who had come so far to find out about their lives. So is this the future for development agencies? To show people and not just tell people how hard life is for the poorest of the world’s population? And will this become the ultimate way for the discerning donor to decide if an agency deserves his or her support? For some time, aid agencies specialising in child sponsorship have made ad hoc arrangements, despite the time and resources this demands of local staff, for individual donors to meet the child they support. Many also take major donors, board members and policy-makers on “immersion” trips. And many run volunteer working trips and fundraising adventure holidays. Last year, for the first time, the US branch of Plan International turned to a specialist travel agency to organise a group donor trip to Ghana. Elevate Destinations says that its “donor tourism” business is growing fast – it is organising trips to three more countries this year for Plan USA donors alone. Many though, and particularly those focused on emergency relief, are scathing of the idea of an aid agency regularly taking larger groups of visitors to see its work. Two years ago MSF Switzerland instituted a policy of taking donors to the field two at a time. But, says communications chief Laurent Sauveur, “we are a far cry from any concept of humanitarian tourism. We are not acting as a tour agency.” But while emergency relief agencies can count on surges in compassion when disaster strikes, development agencies realise that to build lasting connections between donors and their beneficiaries, increasingly the donor needs to get something back. “Providing an ‘experience’ [for donors] is coming more to the fore,” says Richard Turner, fundraising director at the UK’s ActionAid, which specialises in child sponsorship. Actionaid’s latest publicity campaign reflects this. Under the slogan “What a feeling”, a donor says: “I didn’t just change the world. I changed myself. And what a feeling!” And the reader is then urged to “get yours today”. Aid Sophie Arie guardian.co.uk

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Conservatives thought CBS 60 Minutes correspondent Steve Kroft was typically soft and deferential toward Barack Obama on Sunday night, but his fellow liberal journalists are high-fiving him. On Twitter, NBC’s Luke Russert oozed: “Steve Kroft was a friend to the nation tonight. Clear concise questions that got us important answers.” That’s an interesting tweet from the son of Mr. Two-Minute Question. But it sounds to many that you're somehow patriotic and nonpartisan or a “friend to the nation” when you rally around Obama. Over at the Poynter Institute’s website , Al Tompkins interviewed Kroft and praised his “laser-focused” questioning. He even praised him for avoiding political questions (like enhanced interrogation). Questions that sounded to Obama critics like pathetic whiffle-ball questions were hailed for their professionalism: Kroft gets right to the interview with, interestingly, an objective (or closed-ended) question. Not what journalists might expect. KROFT: Mr. President, was this the most satisfying week of your presidency? I would have expected a subjective question to work best at the beginning of the interview. I might have asked the question, “How satisfying was this week?” But Kroft's question was better than mine. His question would reveal any hint of gloating. Was Kroft trying to “reveal” gloating? Or was he encouraging gloating, because he felt Obama deserved to pat himself on the back? For most interviewers, a short question is a good interview-starter, and this was not an occasion for a typical, sweat-inducing 60 Minutes grilling. But Tompkins avoided the history of Kroft's gooey interviews with Obama, especially before he became president. The second question was also a softball: “Was the decision to launch this attack the most difficult decision that you've made as Commander-In-Chief?” Tompkins asked about it: Kroft is aware he used a lot of closed-ended questions, and he did it on purpose because of time pressures and because of how this President answers questions. “I have interviewed him before and you don't want to ask him open-ended questions – you get long answers,”…Kroft explained, ” It is difficult to interrupt the President – it is not something I particularly like to do. The thing about this president is he will give you his thought process if you ask him about it. He will explain the complexities that weigh on his mind.” This is where the bias becomes obvious. CBS and “60 MInutes” are known for hardball interviews, with plenty of interruptions. On the same program, Scott Pelley was tough on President Bush in 2007, and tough on John McCain in 2008. (See our “Syrupy Minutes” Special Report for the contrast.) But for Obama, the whole formula was thrown overboard. Kroft asked Obama at that time about whether the country was too racist to accept him, why people would think he was Muslim, and toughies about beer and bowling.

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What Went Wrong? A Timeline of Schwarzenegger and Shriver’s Relationship

Maria Shriver and Arnold Schwarzenegger publicly announced their separation Monday, saying that they would be living apart in order to work on the future of their relationship. Shriver moved out of their mansion a few weeks ago after 25 years of marriage. NewsFeed takes a look at the history of their relationship. From the outside

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What the Farc files really reveal

A conservative thinktank’s attempt to reheat widely discredited Colombian military claims about Farc is pure black propaganda The release Tuesday of a “dossier” of Farc files , which were supposedly seized by the Colombian government in 2008, is truly a non-event. The report, by the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) , appears to be an attempt by hawks in the US and the UK to perpetuate, using “black propaganda”, the failed policies of the George W Bush administration, as well as previous administrations of the cold war era, to which they respectively once belonged. All of its conclusions are based on the false premise that the documents that it claims to analyse are entirely trustworthy. Impartial observers of the events surrounding the supposed capture of computer files from the Farc , and their subsequent revelation in the media, have long ago concluded that the files are highly dubious at best. The Colombian military, which claims to have obtained the documents from computers and flash drives following an illegal bombing raid on a Farc camp inside Ecuador in March 2008, is the only party that can know for sure whether the documents are authentic. The IISS, and others who want the world to believe in the documents’ authenticity, rest much of their case on the supposed verification of the files by Interpol. But what Interpol actually said, in its 2008 report on the documents, was that the Colombian military’s treatment of the files “did not conform to internationally recognised principles for the ordinary handling of electronic evidence by law enforcement” . Interpol noted that there was a one-week period between the computer documents’ capture by Colombia, and when they were handed over to Interpol, during which time the Colombian authorities actually modified 9,440 files, and deleted 2,905, according to Interpol’s detailed forensic report. This “may complicate validating this evidence for purposes of its introduction in a judicial proceeding”, Interpol noted at the time . Following their remarkable initial “discovery” and “capture” (the computers, we were told, survived a bombing raid completely unscathed), the Colombian military made “revelations” that quickly turned out to be false. A photo depicting a high-level Ecuadorian official meeting with the Farc was revealed to be a fake . Even more embarrassing, the Colombian military’s claims that files showed the Farc were planning to make a “dirty bomb” were publicly dismissed by the US government and terrorism experts . The documents’ evidence of Venezuelan support for the Farc was so weak that Organisation of American States secretary general José Miguel Insulza told the US House subcommittee on western hemispheric affairs just a month later that there was “no evidence” of such support or collusion . Even more damning for the Colombian military’s case were statements last year by General Douglas Fraser , head of the US Southern Command, in response to questions from Senator John McCain, regarding the alleged Venezuela-Farc connection, and the laptop “revelations”: “We have not seen any connections specifically that I can verify that there has been a direct government-to-terrorist connection,” Fraser stated, adding, “I am skeptical.” (Fraser recanted his testimony the following day, following a meeting with the top state department official for Latin America, Arturo Valenzuela. But Fraser, as the US military’s leader for activities in South America, is in a much better position to know.) But perhaps most telling of all are the current close relations between the governments of Venezuela and Colombia, now that Juan Manuel Santos has taken over from Alvaro Uribe as president of Colombia. If Colombia, indeed, had evidence of Venezuelan support for the Farc, would Santos have so readily warmed to the Chávez administration, quickly boosting trade and political support? Santos, interestingly, is the man who, as Colombia’s defence minister, oversaw the raid on the Farc camp. US policy, during much of the Uribe administration (2002-2010), seemed designed to provoke tension between Colombia and Venezuela. Now, with Santos in office, and Colombia “looking ahead” and even dropping a Uribe era agreement stipulating an increased US military presence in Colombia, promoters of this policy are again hoping to stir up trouble, through the IISS. The world is being asked to trust the word of former Bush administration intelligence officials and national security advisers – who help to oversee IISS’s activities – and their counterparts in the UK, who include former advisers to Blair and Thatcher. The IISS expert chosen to present the dossier’s findings this week in Washington, for example, is a former British intelligence officer who conducted intelligence operations in Latin America. Other notable IISS advisory council members include Robert D Blackwill (former deputy national security adviser to George W Bush), Eliot Cohen (formerly secretary of state Condoleezza Rice’s senior adviser on strategic issues), Sir David Manning (formerly foreign policy adviser to Tony Blair) and Prince Faisal bin Salman bin Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia. In other words, some of the same people who deceived the people of the United States and the United Kingdom into invading Iraq now want us to believe their “revelations” about Venezuela, Ecuador and the Farc. The IISS is full of people who should know a thing or two about “black propaganda” – forged or altered information, the source of which is masked, in order to advance policy objectives. The use of such “black propaganda” is as old as espionage itself, and used routinely by the CIA and MI6. The former CIA officer, Philip Agee , described several such operations in his revelatory memoir, Inside the Company: CIA Diary, published in the 1970s. If Bush cronies are now using “black propaganda” to smear the Chávez government in an attempt to undermine it, it would not be the first time. The Bush administration supported Chávez’s brief overthrow, in April 2002. The use of altered information – film footage that was manipulated to make it appear as though Chávez supporters had gunned down unarmed demonstrators – played a key role in that coup d’etat. Why should anyone take at face value former high-level Bush administration officials’ claims about Venezuelan or Ecuadorian connections to the Farc? Unfortunately, there are many loud voices that continue to see Latin America through a cold war prism, such as the current heads of the US House foreign affairs and western hemisphere committees, as well as various editorial writers at major US media organisations, who will be all too happy to take the IISS spooks and neocons at their word – just as they did in the runup to the invasion of Iraq. Colombia Farc Venezuela Ecuador US foreign policy Foreign policy George Bush Interpol Hugo Chávez Thinktanks Greg Grandin Miguel Tinker Salas guardian.co.uk

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Women in the running at Cannes

The Cannes film festival starts today – with a record four women competing for the main prize. Why so few? The key directors talk to Charlotte Higgins about chauvinism and the Croisette At last year’s Cannes film festival, there was an outcry: there was not a single woman in competition for the Palme d’Or. British director Alicia Duffy screened her debut feature in the Directors’ Fortnight strand, and British directors Sophie Fiennes and Lucy Walker both took documentaries, but the main competition was an all-male affair: Mike Leigh, Ken Loach and 17 others. This year – perhaps by chance, perhaps as a corrective measure taken by the selectors – there are four female film-makers in contention: Lynne Ramsay , the British director of We Need to Talk About Kevin; Australian Julia Leigh ; France’s Maïwenn Le Besco ; and Japan’s Naomi Kawase . This is still only four out of 20 directors – depressingly, the largest number of women ever to have competed for the Palme in a single year since the festival began in 1946. Ramsay describes this as “shocking”. “There is a huge inequality in the numbers,” she tells me. Le Besco, who directs and stars in her third feature, Polisse, screening in Cannes tomorrow, says she has encountered sexism in the

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Dating site AshleyMadison.com, where you can go in search of an extramarital affair, recently surveyed its members to find out which celebrities they’d most like to cheat with. Fox News reports on the findings from 30,000 US members. The women: Jessica Alba : Fifteen percent of the males surveyed…

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The Foxheads/Cheneyites claim that torture works, so America should become a torture nation

Click here to view this media The right-wingers keep claiming — contra reality — that Osama bin Laden’s death was made possible by torture, proving that torture works. But even if you ignore reality and admit for argument’s sake that it does work, the question then goes begging: Should the United States be doing it? Following the weekend’s steady drumbeat , the meme that “the torture worked” was again the main topic on Fox yesterday, this time bouncing off Chris Wallace’s wankery on Sunday. Both Bill O’Reilly (as Karoli notes) and Sean Hannity built their entire shows around this single snippet. The most appalling performance came from Liz Cheney on Hannity’s show : HANNITY: All right. On the next segment, what I mentioned with Dick Morris, so we are going to play this tape of FOX News’ Sunday host Chris Wallace. I thought he asked a really good question of the White House National Security adviser, about, you know, enhanced interrogations are contrary to American values. Well, is that worse than putting a bullet in the brain of bin Laden? I mean, I thought the answer was weak. We’ll show in the minute, but go ahead. CHENEY: Yes, you know, I think you are exactly right. And I thought it was a great question that Chris asked. Because this administration, you know, even before they came into office worked hard to try to score political points by making allegations that simply weren’t true about the enhance interrogation program. And trying to act as it though it was somehow counter to American values. Now, I don’t think, you know, probably most people watching tonight have no problem at all, I certainly don’t, I know you don’t, with the fact that the Navy SEALs killed Usama bin Laden. But, if it is OK to go after terrorists to do targeted assassinations, which I believe it is, and the administration seems to believe it is. Then it is very hard to understand how it is not OK from their perspective to subject terrorists to the very same techniques that our own people have to go through in SEAL training. And a very specific example of this is Chip Burlingame who was the pilot of American airlines flight 77 who was killed by the terrorists exactly. And he himself was subjected to these techniques. So, I think it is pretty appalling that the administration is trying to score political points here, trying to sustain a position that is unsustainable. And frankly, that makes us less safe because it means if we do in fact capture somebody as a result of this treasure trove, there’s no really effective way we’ve got in place right now to interrogate them. But then we get to what this is all really about: Vindicating the torture conducted under the Bush regime: HANNITY: Do you believe what happened in the killing of bin Laden vindicates — your father was a fierce, strong advocate is to this day of enhanced interrogations, black sites, rendition policies, all of the things that President Obama cancelled — go ahead. CHENEY: I think that it certainly shows that those programs worked. I think it is one more piece of evidence. We knew that those programs were effective before. We now know that they helped lead us to the information that ultimately led to bin Laden. And I think once again, you know, it shows that the administration, as were you saying in the last segment, they ought to stop this investigation, stop this threat of prosecution of those Americans who in fact, bravely carry out these programs. It is really an abomination that they are continuing to live under the threat of indictment and the threat of prosecution for something that led to the death of bin Laden. There’s only one little problem with Cheney’s and Hannity’s love of torture: It’s illegal, immoral, unethical, and depraved. OK, make that a few little problems. The most succinct answer to this palpable load of utter rubbish came from Matthew Alexander, the former military-intelligence interrogator who has been a consistent and thoughtful critic of the use of torture . He was on Democracy Now with Amy Goodman a few days ago (via mcjoan ) and offered a careful explanation of why torture is never, ever right — even beyond the fact that it wastes resources and really doesn’t work: Click here to view this media ALEXANDER: My argument is pretty simple, Amy. I don’t torture because it doesn’t work. I don’t torture because it’s immoral, and it’s against the law, and it’s inconsistent with my oath of office, in which I swore to defend the Constitution of the United States. And it’s also inconsistent with American principles. So, my primary argument against torture is one of morality, not one of efficacy. You know, if torture did work and we could say it worked 100 percent of the time, I still wouldn’t use it. The U.S. Army Infantry, when it goes out into battle and it faces resistance, it doesn’t come back and ask for the permission to use chemical weapons. I mean, chemical weapons are extremely effective—we could say almost 100 percent effective. And yet, we don’t use them. But we make this—carve out this special space for interrogators and say that, well, they’re different, so they can violate the laws of war if they face obstacles. And that’s an insult to American interrogators, who are more than capable of defeating our enemies and al-Qaeda in the battle of wits in the interrogation room. And American interrogators have proven this time and time again, from World War II through Vietnam, through Panama, through the First Gulf War. And let’s go back to the successes of American interrogators. You know, American interrogators found Saddam Hussein without using torture. We found and killed Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the leader of al-Qaeda Iraq, which helped turn the Iraq war, without using torture. And numerous other leaders that we have found and captured—another guy named Zafar, that I describe in my book—all these successes have come without the use of torture. GOODMAN: You say that the use of torture was al-Qaeda’s number one recruiting tool. ALEXANDER: Yes. When I was in Iraq, I oversaw the interrogations of foreign fighters. And those foreign fighters, the majority of them, said, time and time again, the reason they had come to Iraq to fight was because of the torture and abuse of detainees at both Abu Ghraib and Guantánamo Bay. And this is not my opinion. The Department of Defense tracked these statistics. And they were briefed, every interrogator who arrived there, that torture and abuse was al-Qaeda’s number one recruiting tool. That’s a simple and unambiguous answer to the Foxheads and Cheneyites out there who want torture to be a legitimate tool of government agencies.

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A new Washington Post poll of Virginians finds that Old Dominion voters are optimistic about the direction of the state, approve of the job of their conservative governor, and are divided on the question of same-sex marriage. Guess how the Post handled reporting the results. That's right, the paper hyped the same-sex marriage numbers on A1 but shuffled the good news for McDonnell over to page B1 , even though an astonishing 50 percent of Old Dominion Democrats approve of his job in office, and arguably by extension his conservative policies.

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Great Fun: ' South Park' set for royal spoof ‘ South Park’ set for royal spoof . The latest world event to be lampooned by the creators of “South Park” will be the royal wedding.Of course, the show’s creators won’t be targeting the royal family directly; they’ll stick with a country … Great Fun: ' South Park' set for royal spoof by AAA | 7:32 AM in ‘ South Park’ set for royal spoof |. ‘ South Park’ set for royal spoof . The latest world event to be lampooned by the creators of “South Park” will be the royal wedding.Of course, the show’s creators won’t be targeting …

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