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Breaking the fourth wall

Shouting from the audience, picking up props, running on stage – does anyone share my strange desire to disrupt the show? There was a moment, watching Ryan Craig’s new play The Holy Rosenbergs at the National’s Cottesloe Theatre, when one of the cast accidentally knocked askew a photo frame. It sat on a low bookcase in the play’s living room set, and teetered perilously close to causing a domino effect on the other frames, or indeed falling off the bookcase altogether. Somehow this inoffensive prop suddenly became the focus of my attention. I was sorely tempted to reach out and set it right. I didn’t, of course. To do so would be a huge theatrical faux pas, smashing that fourth wall and breaking the spell of the invented world conjured by the actors in front of me. But, sitting in the front row of this intimate in-the-round production with my knees jammed up against said bookcase, the photo frame and other knick-knacks just an arm’s length away, I could have. Call me weird, but what a secret thrill this possibility gave me. This near-intervention is, I confess, part of a greater problem. My theatregoing years have been dogged by an underlying urge to disrupt the show I am watching. Normally it’s a sudden compulsion to shout something out during a quiet moment, or sometimes it’s the desire to get out of my seat and run on stage. I have never done it and, I hope, never would. But the urge remains. The strength of this feeling varies depending on the production. Those held in a traditional proscenium arch theatre are relatively safe; the raised stage and its distance from most of the seats creates a barrier between audience and actors which holds me back from contributing to proceedings. But smaller, thrust stages like the Donmar Warehouse should beware; indeed, such is the layout of the Donmar that a stalls-dweller on the edge of a row could easily trip up an actor on his way to the stage (I wouldn’t – I think). But that’s as nothing to the effect of in-the-round productions like The Holy Rosenbergs, or Hampstead theatre’s recent traverse configuration for Tiger Country , which practically invite disruption. Who knows what might have happened if I’d had an onstage seat for Spring Awakening . I wonder where this impulse comes from. Is it the same feeling that propels pitch invaders at football matches, or streakers at Wimbledon? Is it simply a desire for attention? Given my fear of public speaking, I don’t think so. It is something more instinctive than that, a sort of rebellious reaction to being in a situation where you are not allowed to participate, yet the means to do so is within your power. I want to because I can’t. You might think immersive theatre would go some way to indulging these fantasies. Shows such as Punchdrunk’s The Masque Of The Red Death or the Menier Chocolate Factory’s Accomplice are designed around audience participation, so quashing the urge to be inappropriate. Tim Crouch’s The Author at the Royal Court in 2009 encouraged us to interact with the cast, while recent musical The 25th Annual Putnum County Spelling Bee finally permitted a few theatregoers to step foot on the Donmar’s stage. But it’s not the same. Being allowed to participate in a show can’t beat the thrill – I imagine – of launching yourself into an established production uninvited. How I longed to pick up that photo frame, or help myself to a macaroon on the coffee table, or join one of the cast on the sofa. Before I take myself off for therapy I’d like to know one thing: is it just me? Theatre guardian.co.uk

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A new Zeus among Olympians

Lord Coe’s hymn to the new Olympic mountain-biking course may have been hyperbolic, but the circuit will test riders to the limit • Track cycling events at the 2010 Olympics: a brief guide “Probably one of the most beautiful venues I’ve seen anywhere in the world.” No, not Usain Bolt rhapsodising about Beijing’s Bird’s Nest after shattering the world sprint records. Nor Tiger Woods standing triumphant, again, at the final hole of Augusta. And no, it’s not a hyperventilating Alan Partridgeat his local Rover dealership. No this eulogy came from the mouth of Lord Sebastian Coe as he officially marked the completion of the Olympic mountain bike course in Hadleigh, Essex . Granted, the sun was beaming down unseasonably early, lending proceedings a cheery air; perhaps luckier still was the silvery haze obscuring all but the tallest towers of Canvey Island’s refineries a mile across the Thames estuary. But such unsolicited hyperbole left even the local officials slack-jawed. Coe went on to joke: “In the last seven years there have been two exchanges in my office – and my subsequent reactions – that I’m really grateful have never been recorded: the first was fairly recently when someone came in to tell me that the countdown clock had stopped. The second was almost four years earlier when someone else called to tell me that they’d found a mountain in Essex!” It’s the way he tells them. Readers may recall we visited the site back in the autumn as the trail-building process was well underway. And we had to take our hats off to Martin Seddon and his crew for bringing so much interest to such an unpromising location. Now we could see that development had continued apace, despite horrendous working conditions through a snowy winter: the main obstacles had been constructed and all the sections properly linked up. In only eight short months – and for the minuscule sum (in Olympic terms) of £800k – Hadleigh now joins the velodrome in Stratford as one of the few completed arenas. With the final stone laid, we were among the lucky few invited to take a spin on the virgin track. Before that it was the turn of the pros from Team GB’s mountain bike squad, with the most recognisable face among them 29-year-old Liam Killeen . As current national champion, former Commwealth champion and seventh-placed finisher in Beijing, Killeen represents the best chance for home medals in this event. So, how did he rate the Hadleigh circuit? “The designers have done really well. For spectators it’s great as they’ve used the natural bowl, and from one particular point you can see maybe 70% of the course. This is very rare for mountain bike events, which are usually enclosed in forest, so that bodes well for good television. But from a rider perspective, you have to say the course is very physically demanding. Average mountain bikers could ride around it fairly easily, but at race pace it’s a different matter altogether. There’s six or seven short but steep climbs per lap, and we’re maybe looking at eight, 13-minute laps, so it will be pretty relentless. And when you factor in these technical sections it really adds to the difficulty, especially when you’re fatigued.” Killeen rode his hardtail bike (front suspension only) the previous day, but was trying out a full-suspension model for the grand unveiling. Which did he think was more likely to be favoured by the world’s elite? “At the moment the course is very groomed, so a hardtail is fine. But actually it may become more of a full-sus course – when it gets cut up, and bearing in mind that you may be racing for the best part of two hours, it’ll be really important to keep your body in decent shape for a surge in the last two laps when the medals could likely be decided.” With that it was my turn to saddle up. From the start it’s a short switchback climb to the first of the rock sections, this one offering three alternative lines (see picture), before cresting on a wide track into a copse. This leads you to the second of the most interesting features, the “dual descender”, where the more technical “A” line will save several seconds compared to those opting for line “B”. This could be a decisive spot next August. Very quickly you’re on to a wooden boardwalk feature, again with two route choices – left involves a gap jump, while right is an easier roller. A swift double-track descent then takes you into the country park for a sustained climb up to what will be the main spectator viewpoint. After that height gain it’s downhill, via another rock garden, over and through a tunnel, before more mixed climbing returns you to the grandstands. Just out of view lies the last of the tricky drops, followed by another rapid descent and the appropriately-named “cardiac climb”. Reward for gaining the top here is perhaps the most fun section – a swooping, high-banked plunge that gives you a glimpse of the finish area. One more switchback ascent, a narrow chute and you’re done. We’d ridden at a sedate pace, stopping to assess each feature in turn and the general consensus was that it would rate as moderate in UK trail centre terms. But as Killeen suggested, you could easily see how it would become a different prospect at professional race pace. It’ll certainly be fast and furious, very likely a war of attrition, with refuelling and pacing becoming important strategies. And readers wondering if they’ll be able to ride at the site, watch this space. Essex County Council and the Salvation Army, which owns the site, say: “The intention is for the course to be available for public use from 2013 onwards”, although it is not yet clear how the course will be adapted or whether the public will be able to use it. • The mountain bike events take place on 11-12 August 2012. Tickets will be priced from £20-45 – enter the ballot now . • John Kitchiner is editor of London Cyclist magazine . Olympics 2012: Cycling Cycling Olympic Games 2012 guardian.co.uk

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Airports: where to park and

Airport parking is big business, with prices often in excess of the flights themselves. So it’s crucial you shop around for the cheapest deal possible The school holidays are nearly upon us, and with three bank holidays and the royal wedding within the space of 11 days many of us will be going abroad. But those lucky enough to be flying off may have to grapple with that perennial bugbear, airport car parking. Price check is this week looks at where to get the best prices, focusing on the peak holiday week of 16-23 April. We analysed prices at six UK airports on 6 April, for both leaving your keys with the parking attendant or taking them with you. As ever, Price check is not reviewing or recommending sites, merely finding the best available prices. We saw variances of as much as 40% between similar services, so it’s well worth hunting around, and booking more than 14 days in advance produces the best results. All codes quoted below are valid at least until 30 April. Readers should put their own findings in the comments section below. Keep checking gosimply.com and travelsupermarket.com , which update prices quite regularly. Edinburgh Airport The cheapest parking was £34.31 with Edinburgh Airport Park and Fly, using a 12% discount from VoucherCodes.co.uk and booking via SkyParkSecure . Using the same code and website you could also have got £36.07 at Edinburgh Secure Airparks Self Park. Gatwick You could have left your keys with Cophall Farm Parking for £49.60, or parked at the airport itself and kept your keys for £64.20. Also worth a mention is Diamond Parking Services at Gatwick, which was £51.04 via SkyParkSecure and the VoucherCode AW12ON. The company meet and greet you at an agreed point near the terminal entrance, and return it upon your return. Heathrow Notorious for its expensive parking, best price at Heathrow was £50.07 at the Radisson Edwardian Hotel using the SkyParksSecure 12% off code (see Edinburgh). The hotel will take your keys and your car may or may not be moved depending on the hotel’s parking requirements that week. Heathrow long stay car park was charging £78.20. Luton Best price was with BCP (0800 316 0169) quoting the 10% off VoucherCode WC68K, which cost £40.49, with you leaving the keys with them. London Luton mid- and long-term car parks were charging £54.99. Manchester Best price was £23.49 with CarparKing via gosimply.com , but it’s about 11 miles outside the airport with a free shuttle service. Nearer is First Response Parking , which was charging £28. Located less than two miles from the airport, you park your car and again get a shuttle bus. Stansted At Stansted, Looking4Parking had the best quote of £52 at Stansted Ardent Park and Go. Stansted’s own long-stay car park was £83 and you keep your own keys. Consumer affairs Saving money Air transport Budget travel Marc Lockley guardian.co.uk

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Airports: where to park and

Airport parking is big business, with prices often in excess of the flights themselves. So it’s crucial you shop around for the cheapest deal possible The school holidays are nearly upon us, and with three bank holidays and the royal wedding within the space of 11 days many of us will be going abroad. But those lucky enough to be flying off may have to grapple with that perennial bugbear, airport car parking. Price check is this week looks at where to get the best prices, focusing on the peak holiday week of 16-23 April. We analysed prices at six UK airports on 6 April, for both leaving your keys with the parking attendant or taking them with you. As ever, Price check is not reviewing or recommending sites, merely finding the best available prices. We saw variances of as much as 40% between similar services, so it’s well worth hunting around, and booking more than 14 days in advance produces the best results. All codes quoted below are valid at least until 30 April. Readers should put their own findings in the comments section below. Keep checking gosimply.com and travelsupermarket.com , which update prices quite regularly. Edinburgh Airport The cheapest parking was £34.31 with Edinburgh Airport Park and Fly, using a 12% discount from VoucherCodes.co.uk and booking via SkyParkSecure . Using the same code and website you could also have got £36.07 at Edinburgh Secure Airparks Self Park. Gatwick You could have left your keys with Cophall Farm Parking for £49.60, or parked at the airport itself and kept your keys for £64.20. Also worth a mention is Diamond Parking Services at Gatwick, which was £51.04 via SkyParkSecure and the VoucherCode AW12ON. The company meet and greet you at an agreed point near the terminal entrance, and return it upon your return. Heathrow Notorious for its expensive parking, best price at Heathrow was £50.07 at the Radisson Edwardian Hotel using the SkyParksSecure 12% off code (see Edinburgh). The hotel will take your keys and your car may or may not be moved depending on the hotel’s parking requirements that week. Heathrow long stay car park was charging £78.20. Luton Best price was with BCP (0800 316 0169) quoting the 10% off VoucherCode WC68K, which cost £40.49, with you leaving the keys with them. London Luton mid- and long-term car parks were charging £54.99. Manchester Best price was £23.49 with CarparKing via gosimply.com , but it’s about 11 miles outside the airport with a free shuttle service. Nearer is First Response Parking , which was charging £28. Located less than two miles from the airport, you park your car and again get a shuttle bus. Stansted At Stansted, Looking4Parking had the best quote of £52 at Stansted Ardent Park and Go. Stansted’s own long-stay car park was £83 and you keep your own keys. Consumer affairs Saving money Air transport Budget travel Marc Lockley guardian.co.uk

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Save money? Close down the council

A council proposes a £600,000 summer break. Pickles talks rubbish. Villagers raise council tax to protect their library. • How to save a local authority £600,000: close down the council for a week . That’s the proposal (see paragraph 14) on the table at Hounslow council in west London (and due to be discussed with unions on Friday) as it grapples with £18m of spending cuts. The idea is on the face of it simple: the council already closes for a week at Christmas, so why not do it again in August? There are clear benefits, reckons the council: reduced summer holiday childcare costs for workers who have school age offspring, for example. And think of the bills: officers estimate it will save at least £5,000 on gas and electricity alone over the week. But where does the other £595,000 come from? That’s where it gets trickier. The period would count as unpaid leave for staff – equivalent to a pay cut of 1.92% – which as you’d expect has not gone down well (although there will be no formal “break in service” so it won’t affect pensionable pay, says the council). The few staff who will have to work over the closure period don’t escape the pay cut – they will have to take the unpaid leave at another time. There are other potential pitfalls: once they’ve exhausted the inevitable “will anyone notice” jokes, residents may not take kindly to the temporary closure of services they tend to take for granted. Not for nothing are officers worried about: “Negative publicity for the Council.” • Communities secretary and supposed uber-localist Eric Pickles is again getting worked up about – what else? – rubbish. This time it is Somerset’s new policy of charging £1.20 a time for householders to deliver their own waste to council tips. The charges were introduced by Tory-controlled Somerset county council to keep open four dumps otherwise due to close in the face of cuts of £300,000. Warning that it will create “perverse incentives that will lead to more fly tipping, Pickles promised the Daily Telegraph : “We will not allow municipal bureaucrats to introduce such backdoor bin charges for the collection or disposal of normal household waste.” But how will you not allow it, Eric, how? Will you bring down the iron fist of the central state on Somerset? As Steve Read, the managing director of Somerset Waste Partnership told the BBC : “It is not illegal, it is in the spirit of localism.” • More evidence of localism in action in the leafy parish of Aldbourne , near Marlborough in Wiltshire, where residents have voted to add an extra £7 to average council tax bills in order to protect services at the local library which were threatened by the cuts. Wiltshire council had proposed to replace local librarian Trish Rushen with a big society-style volunteer arrangement. But in a referendum residents voted 283-102 on a 26% turnout to stump up for the £5,400 savings themselves. Affluent Aldbourne’s decision perhaps should not be read as a barometer of the wider public’s preparedness (or ability) to support much-loved public services through what are effectively co-payments (or as a touchstone of its interest in big society experiments for that matter). But it is an interesting challenge to conventional political wisdom that no-one will ever, anywhere, vote to increase council tax. • It seems most local authorities have heeded ministerial exhortations to dip into their reserves to make ends meet in the Age of Austerity. Local Government Chronicle (LGC) correspondent James Illman reports today that 72% of councils are spending reserves [paywall]: over 30 expect to deploy upwards of over 30% of their stash, while Blackpool, Corby, Barnsley, Enfield, West Somerset, Essex Police Authority all forecast they will use up more than 50% of their rainy day fund in 2011-12. The LGC report doesn’t say, incidentally, what the reserves are being used for, or how much of it is being spent by councils on redundancy payments to staff made jobless by the cuts. I’ve blogged before on councils’ use of reserves (and why it is that wealthy Tory-controlled districts have the biggest war chests). I’ve also blogged on the incompetent attempts by Treasury chief secretary Danny Alexander to make reserves a party-political issue (this survey would appear to make that tactic even more of a nonsense). But what’s most interesting is the comments by Steve Freer, chief executive of the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountacy, who warns in the article that draining reserves now may not be entirely prudent given the pressures facing councils over the next few months: “There is almost a new need for reserves in the current climate. Authorities have put together budgets which have much higher levels of risk than usual. We are looking at budgets that have as many as 50 change projects in them. If one project gets blown off course that may not bring the authority down but if quite a few go off course that could have significant consequences.” • Back in February I blogged about Sefton council’s cuts consultation , which with commendable frankness prioritized all its services into four categories according to their perceived importance: critical, regulatory, frontline, and “others”. No service was immune from cuts, it pointed out, but it was clear that those that found themselves in the ominous-sounding “others” category were the most vulnerable. Since then Sefton has finessed the latter category even further, dividing it into three tiers. Services which find themself in the first tier, which includes libraries and leisure centres, are effectively given a stay of execution so long as they promise to find substantial savings. Tier two services (tourism, child and adolescent mental health) are given the lesser-of-two-evils treatment: safe, but your budget is cut by 50%. It’s worth keeping an eye on these two categories to see if they slip down a tier when the council comes back for more cuts next year. Finally, there are the condemned, poor and marginalised tier three services, for which nothing could be done. All have been unceremoniously axed, to save £3m. I’d love to know more detail about what has been lost through the cutting of these services, and what the consequences will be. Here they are: Pupil Attendance Under 8′s Service Contribution to Early Years Families and Schools Together (FAST) Surestart (Every Child A Talker) Continuing Education Post 16 Surestart (Dcatch programme) Music Service Other Courses Special Educational Needs Standards Grants Teenage Adolescent Mental Health Grant (TAMHS) Youth Opportunity Fund Keystage 4 Foundation Learning Public sector cuts Local government Public finance Patrick Butler guardian.co.uk

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Spain rejects contagion risk from Portuguese debt crisis

• Spanish economy minister says there is no risk of contagion • UK could contribute more than £3bn to help Portugal • Jose Sócrates says: ‘This is an especially grave moment for our country’ Spain has insisted it will not become the next victim of the eurozone debt crisis after Portugal finally bowed to widespread pressure on Wednesday night and joined Greece and Ireland in requesting a European Union bailout . Attention turned to Spain as investors questioned whether Portugal’s decision to seek help would bring calm to Europe or help to drag Madrid into the mire. Elena Salgado, the Spanish economy minister, said on Thursday morning that the risk of contagion “is absolutely ruled out… it has been some time since the markets have known that our economy is much more competitive”. Spain is widely seen as the most likely potential candidate for a bailout now Portugal has bowed to the inevitable by saying it needs help . The bailout is expected to total €70bn-80bn (£61bn-70bn) with Britain possibly being forced to contribute more than £3bn, according to the Open Europe thinktank. José Sócrates, the Portuguese prime minister, requested a European Union bailout on Wednesday night after a decade in which increases in borrowing far outstripped economic growth, pushing the country’s borrowing costs to untenable levels. Gary Jenkins, head of fixed income research of Evolution Securities, saud: “The market may turn its attention to Spain. The concern is that they do have a lot of debt to issue and that it would only take a short-term loss of investor confidence for Spain to face real problems.” David Blanchflower, a former Bank of England policymaker, told Bloomberg News that Portugal’s bailout could fuel Europe’s sovereign debt crisis. “This could be another big mistake because then the crosshairs move to Spain,” he said. The probability of Spain needing to be rescued “took a big jump upwards” after Portugal asked for a bailout, Blanchflower added. Spain, where more than a fifth of the population is unemployed, cut its 2012 growth forecast from 2.5% to 2.3% – and its 2013 prediction from 2.7% to 2.4% – on Wednesday ahead of an expected 0.25% rise in the Eurozone’s interest rate on Thursday afternoon. Many economists believe these forecasts could still be optimistic. Salgado insisted that such an interest rate increase would not endanger Spain’s economy, which exited an 18-month recession at the start of 2009 but has performed weakly since then, amid harsh public spending cuts. “The impact of a small rise in rates is very slow. Mortgages [in Spain] are only revised once a year and so the transmission [of a rate rise] is not immediate,” she said. Portuguese rescue plan welcomed Portugal requested the bailout just hours after a €1bn bond auction that had cost the country more than the rates likely to be demanded as part of an International Monetary Fund or EU rescue package. The bonds, providing funds for only six months and a year, were sold to investors, but at interest rates of more than 5% and nearly 6% respectively. A month ago, the cost of six-month money was less than 3%, and two weeks ago the government had been able to sell 12-month bonds at 4.3%. The move was widely welcomed. Erik Nielsen, chief European economist at Goldman Sachs, said: “This is good news. We’ve been saying for a while that Portugal’s finances were not sustainable at these rates.” In a televised address on Wednesday night, Sócrates said: “I want to inform the Portuguese that the government decided today to ask … for financial help to ensure financing for our country, for our financial system and for our economy.” “This is an especially grave moment for our country,” he added. “Things will only get worse if nothing’s done.” Sócrates said the bailout was “the last resort”. The move was immediately hailed in Brussels. “This is a responsible move by the Portuguese government for the sake of economic stability in the country and in Europe,” the European commission’s economic and monetary affairs commissioner, Olli Rehn, told Reuters. Sócrates did not say how much aid Portugal had requested but promised to negotiate the best possible conditions. Analysts said Portugal was expected to need up to €80bn, an amount that can easily be covered by the EU’s bailout fund, the European financial stability facility. The European commission’s president, José Manuel Barroso, promised a swift response. Portugal’s troubles differ from Ireland, which pledged to cover huge losses at its banks, and Greece, which lied about its debt. Instead, it had allowed debt to mushroom during a decade in which its economy grew at just 0.7% a year. Portugal admitted last week that the 2010 budget deficit had been 8.6% of gross domestic product, far above its 7.3% target. Portugal Europe European debt crisis Europe European Union Global economy Economics Spain Tom Bawden Giles Tremlett guardian.co.uk

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Anne the elephant says goodbye to the circus

Pachyderm which became a global cause celebre after emergence of upsetting footage enjoys new home in Longleat Safari Park She has a leisurely roll in a pile of sand before spending a good 40 minutes rubbing against assorted metal bars and gates. She pauses to suck up a few stray strands of hay that she sprays over her back. And then she trundles off for a snooze. It is hardly an action-packed day, but after half a century of hard circus graft, Anne the elephant could be forgiven for taking it easy. And, like minders keen to protect a sensitive star, her new keepers at Longleat Safari Park are not going to force her to perform for the cameras. “It’s about giving her dignity now,” says Jon Cracknell, the director of animal operations at Longleat. “She needs a bit of space and time to get used to her new surroundings, her new life. We do things at her pace, not anyone else’s, and I don’t want her to become a tabloid pawn. She needs her privacy.” It may already be too late for that. For more than a week now the story of Anne, Britain’s last circus elephant, has competed with crime and war stories for space in the tabloids – and fared pretty well. The fuss shows no sign of dying down. When the Guardian was granted an audience with Anne yesterday, the PR department’s phones were ringing off the hook from newspapers wanting to know how Anne was doing and photographers keen to come along and document her every roll and rub. Journalists from as far afield as Brazil have requested access, and Cracknell had to put his foot down when representatives of a Hollywood actor – he is too discreet to say which one – expressed a desire to have their man pictured next to Anne. The hysteria began when upsetting footage, taken by a hidden camera installed by the campaign group Animal Defenders International, was released to the Daily Mail. It showed a worker beating, kicking and jabbing Anne at the winter home of the Bobby Roberts Super Circus, where the animal has worked since 1957. There was an outcry from the Mail, other newspapers, animal charities and the public. The Roberts family expressed their anger and concern over what the worker had done to Anne, whom they said they thought of as a “family pet”, not just a performing animal. But the pressure on the Roberts family became so intense that they agreed to let Anne go. Ownership was signed over to Specialist Wildlife Services, which rescues and rehomes animals ranging from wolves to wallabies, and Longleat in Wiltshire – home to Lord Bath and other exotic creatures – stepped in to take on the mantle of Anne’s guardian. Of course, the tabloids took the credit. The Mail, the Sunday Mirror and the Sun all boasted of the parts they played in Anne’s rescue. Such was the media’s interest in witnessing Anne’s move that police in Northamptonshire treated her as they would a category “A” prisoner and she was whisked away under cover of darkness. She arrived at Longleat on Sunday in an operation that cost around £15,000. Since then she has been settling into her new home, a house she shares with five rhinos, and a yard boasting a fine view of a couple of ponds inhabited by pelicans and flamingos. “She was a little overexcited and playful in the first few days, so she may have overdone it,” said Cracknell. “She’s got to find her limits.” Anne is, according to Cracknell, in pretty good condition. Her back legs, which are racked with arthritis, already seem better, and her dry, cracked skin is improving – she uses the pile of sand as a sort of facial scrub. She is not overweight and does not have the sort of scars and scratches you would expect if she had been routinely abused for a long time. At 57 or thereabouts, she is already older than most elephants in captivity, which suggests she has had a decent life. Cracknell does not see Bobby Roberts as the “villain” that some do. “I like Mr Roberts. He and his wife, Moira, are really upset. Moira is phoning four times a day to ask how Anne is.” He tells Moira that Anne is receiving the best care. Experienced vets are being brought in to make sure she is well but Longleat is also hiring experts in reiki, homeopathy and herbal medicine to see if they can help her arthritis and skin problems. There are three options for Anne now. If she is perceived to be in pain and declining, she could yet be put out of her misery. There is a slim possibility that she could be jetted to an elephant sanctuary in the US, but she is so old that the long flight could be dangerous. It seems more likely that she will stay at Longleat, which has launched an appeal – in unison with the Mail – to build an elephant sanctuary. Some groups, including the Born Free Foundation, have expressed concern at the safari park’s use of the ankus (a stick with a hook at one end) and chains to control Anne, but the consensus seems to be that the safari park is better for Anne than any other option at the moment. But is she missing the circus life? Cracknell thinks she is probably content not having to work, but may miss her old owners. “She formed a close relationship with Bobby and Moira over many years. I think she will miss him and Moira. But she will form new friendships, new relationships at Longleat. I think she’ll be a happy old lady here.” Animal capers that caused a stir Blackie the Donkey Blackie (real name Nero) became a cause celebre in Britain in 1987 when it was reported that she was likely to be crushed to death in a fiesta in a village near Madrid. Hard to get to the truth of the tug of love between Sun and Star reporters who had both been ordered to go and rescue the donkey and not return to Britain without her. One version has a Sun reporter getting to the donkey’s owner first, buying the beast and leaving it in a farmer’s field while he went and had a meal. Enter a Star reporter who is said to have bought the donkey from the farmer and spirited it away. Somehow, both the Sun and Star ended up with a donkey called Blackie. The Tamworth Two Another classic animal tabloid scramble, this one in rural Wiltshire. Two piglets escaped from an abattoir and spent a week on the run in January 1998. The Mail newsdesk nicknamed the fleet-footed pair Butch and Sundance ( pictured left ) and despatched a team of reporters to try to catch them. The Mail won the chase, bought the pigs from their owner and re-housed them in Kent. After, of course, devoting pages to the story of how the paper saved them. Anapka the Flying Donkey What is it about donkeys and the tabloids? There was concern around the world when images of Anapka the donkey emerged. The issue? She was suspended under a multi-coloured parachute 50m above a Russian seaside resort. The Sun led the race to save the animal and trumpeted its success on the front page in classic style: “We’ve Saved Her Ass.” Inside, the paper promised: “She will NEVER have to parasail again.” She didn’t and died – on solid ground – of heart failure at her Moscow sanctuary earlier this year. SM Animal welfare Animals Steven Morris guardian.co.uk

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Superbug gene in Delhi water supply

Global implications as NDM-1 gene is found to be widespread in water used for cooking, washing and drinking A gene that causes a wide range of bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics has been found in the water supply in Delhi, with worrying implications for the rest of the globe. A paper by Timothy Walsh from Cardiff University and colleagues, published in the Lancet Infectious Diseases journal, reveals that the gene, known as NDM-1, is widespread in the water used for cooking, washing and drinking in Delhi. It will inevitably be brought into hospitals in the gut flora of patients. The potential for movement around the world is high. NDM-1 can cause many types of bacteria – including E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae – to become resistant to powerful antibiotics called carbapenems, which are used when other antibiotics fail to work. The team also found the gene had spread to bacteria that cause cholera and dysentery. “Worryingly, dysentery caused by this particular isolate is currently untreatable,” said Mark Toleman, one of the authors.The findings are published on World Health Day, which this year is dedicated to preserving the healing powers of the antibiotics we still have. The World Health Organisation warns that more than 25,000 people die every year in the EU alone from infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. “We need to raise the alert that we are at a critical point where antibiotic resistance is reaching unprecedented levels and new antibiotics are not going to arrive quickly enough,” said Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO regional director for Europe. She said antibiotics were being taken for granted and overused. “There are now superbugs that do not respond to any drug. Given the growth of travel and trade in Europe and across the world, people should be aware that until all countries tackle this, no country alone can be safe.” There are few new antibiotics in the pharmaceutical pipeline, because they have proved hard to discover and are not lucrative investments for drug companies – new drugs would be kept as a last resort and used very infrequently to begin with. International travel and medical tourism have already brought NDM-1 to the UK. The same team of scientists reported last year that they had found NDM-1 positive bacteria in a small number of patients who had visited India for kidney or bone marrow transplants, dialysis, pregnancy care or burns treatment, while others had undergone cosmetic surgery. India Water Health Sarah Boseley guardian.co.uk

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Superbug gene in Delhi water supply

Global implications as NDM-1 gene is found to be widespread in water used for cooking, washing and drinking A gene that causes a wide range of bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics has been found in the water supply in Delhi, with worrying implications for the rest of the globe. A paper by Timothy Walsh from Cardiff University and colleagues, published in the Lancet Infectious Diseases journal, reveals that the gene, known as NDM-1, is widespread in the water used for cooking, washing and drinking in Delhi. It will inevitably be brought into hospitals in the gut flora of patients. The potential for movement around the world is high. NDM-1 can cause many types of bacteria – including E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae – to become resistant to powerful antibiotics called carbapenems, which are used when other antibiotics fail to work. The team also found the gene had spread to bacteria that cause cholera and dysentery. “Worryingly, dysentery caused by this particular isolate is currently untreatable,” said Mark Toleman, one of the authors.The findings are published on World Health Day, which this year is dedicated to preserving the healing powers of the antibiotics we still have. The World Health Organisation warns that more than 25,000 people die every year in the EU alone from infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. “We need to raise the alert that we are at a critical point where antibiotic resistance is reaching unprecedented levels and new antibiotics are not going to arrive quickly enough,” said Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO regional director for Europe. She said antibiotics were being taken for granted and overused. “There are now superbugs that do not respond to any drug. Given the growth of travel and trade in Europe and across the world, people should be aware that until all countries tackle this, no country alone can be safe.” There are few new antibiotics in the pharmaceutical pipeline, because they have proved hard to discover and are not lucrative investments for drug companies – new drugs would be kept as a last resort and used very infrequently to begin with. International travel and medical tourism have already brought NDM-1 to the UK. The same team of scientists reported last year that they had found NDM-1 positive bacteria in a small number of patients who had visited India for kidney or bone marrow transplants, dialysis, pregnancy care or burns treatment, while others had undergone cosmetic surgery. India Water Health Sarah Boseley guardian.co.uk

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Progress in budget talks, says Obama

Differences remain despite the progress, but Obama announced on Wednesday night that talks would continue through the night in hopes of avoiding a government shutdown President Barack Obama said that he remains confident that a government shutdown can be avoided this weekend if negotiators can build on constructive talks held at the White House. Obama spoke after a hastily arranged late-evening White House meeting with Republican House of Representatives Speaker John Boehner and Democratic Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid. The three met for roughly and hour and 15 minutes. The session underscored the stakes of the deepening political fight as time grew short. After huge wins in last year’s House elections gave them control of the lower chamber, Republicans have vowed to slash spending and bring the US deficit under control. Lawmakers must reach a deal by Friday at midnight, when a temporary government funding bill is set to expire. Federal agencies’ day-to-day operations through the end of the budget year are at stake. Differences remain despite the progress, but Obama announced on Wednesday night that talks would continue through the night in hopes of avoiding a government shutdown. “It’s going to require a sufficient sense of urgency,” Obama said, “to complete a deal and get it passed and avert a shutdown.” Obama emerged before reporters to declare his differences with Republicans in the House were narrowing but that both sides were still stuck in an impasse. “I thought the meetings were frank, they were constructive,” Obama said. “I remain confident that if we’re serious about getting something done, we should be able to complete a deal and get it passed and avert a shutdown. But it’s going to require a sufficient sense of urgency from all parties involved.” Boehner criticised Obama, though he said he likes the commander in chief personally. “The president isn’t leading,” Boehner said. “He didn’t lead on last year’s budget, and he’s not leading on this year’s budget.” Obama has already ruled out the weeklong measure Republicans intend to push through the House, and Senate Democrats have labeled it a non-starter. Republican officials said the details of the bill could yet change. But passage of any interim measure is designed to place the onus on the Democratic-controlled Senate to act if a shutdown is to be avoided. The White House used its unmatched megaphone to emphasise the stakes involved in the negotiations, arranging a briefing for the presidential press corps on the ramifications of a partial government shutdown. National parks would close, as would the Smithsonian Institution and its world-class collection of museums clustered along the National Mall within sight of the Capitol. NASA spokesman Bob Jacobs said he was unable to predict what the impact would be on preparations for the shuttle Endeavour’s flight on April 29, or Atlantis’ trip into space on June 28. Senator Dick Durbin, the No. 2 Senate Democrat, hinted at movement in the talks. “There’s been a direct negotiation things put on the table that had not been discussed before and I think we’re moving” toward’ agreement, he said. United States Barack Obama Democrats Republicans John Boehner guardian.co.uk

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