Culture secretary criticised over towns and cities ruled ineligible due to lack of Freeview coverage The government has revealed the 65 towns and cities where it will be possible to launch local TV services, although those living in a number of sizeable conurbations including Bradford, Coventry, Leicester, Derby and Bath look likely to miss out. Jeremy Hunt, the culture secretary, on Tuesday published a map of the locations across the UK that media regulator Ofcom has identified where it is technically possible to launch local services on digital terrestrial TV platform Freeview. Hunt is asking the 65 eligible areas to make the case why their town or city should be one of the first to bid for a local TV licences. The government aims to license the first local TV stations by the summer of next year, with the first 10 to 20 services expected to be in operation by 2015. However, a significant number of sizeable towns, and households in rural areas, will not be eligible to receive local TV services due to technical difficulties. Residents of three of the 15 biggest UK cities – Bradford, Leceister and Coventry – will not be eligible to receive local TV as well as parts of other sizeable towns including Hull, Wolverhampton and Portsmouth. Smaller towns including Derby, Peterborough, Canterbury, Worcester, Durham, Chester and Exeter will also be ineligible. The Scottish culture secretary, Fiona Hyslop, criticised the proposed locations, saying that they “fall far short of the mark”. “We have real concerns about Jeremy Hunt’s proposals which would leave gaping holes in provision, particularly in rural areas,” she said. “Dumfries and Galloway and the Scottish Borders are arguably the parts of Scotland most in need of local television. Viewers here currently receive local news on Channel 3 which is broadcast from Gateshead. Nothing in these inadequate proposals would deliver benefits for viewers in these areas, which are not even on the list of eligible locations.” The government admitted that it is not possible for every household to potentially receive Freeview local TV services under the current scheme, but hoped that in the future internet-based services might plug the coverage gaps across the UK. “The nature of geographic interleaved spectrum means not everyone will be able to get local TV delivered through digital terrestrial TV,” said a spokesman for the DCMS. “There are gaps in the spectrum and geographic features such as mountains and hills can pose difficulties. However, the government is clear that it would one day like everywhere in the UK to have access to a local TV service, and therefore supports the concept of local TV developing on IPTV [internet TV] in the future.” Hunt has published a consultation document seeking views from those cities and towns eligible to be in the first wave of licences, with a list of the 20 contenders drawn up by the end of the year. He intends to hold summits to discuss the issues and benefits of local TV in six cities, starting with Birmingham on 18 August and ending with London on 14 September. “These new, local TV services will be a fundamental change in how people get information about their own communities, and how they hold their representatives to account,” Hunt said. “There’s a huge appetite for local news and information in communities the length and breadth of the country. We need to decide which areas are best placed to pioneer the new service.” Hunt has had a rocky ride gaining acceptance for his local TV plan, with detractors claiming it is not financially viable. Last month he ditched a plan for a proposed new national TV network which would have provided a “spine” for the new local TV services. The DCMS has said that £25m in local TV infrastructure costs will be met from the BBC licence fee, with a further £5m of licence fee money to be spent annually for three years on local content. Electronic programme guide providers such as Freeview, Sky and Virgin Media will be required to give “appropriate prominence” to licensed local digital TV services, enforced through Ofcom statutory code, which will require secondary legislation. •
Continue reading …Click here to view this media It’s interesting to see Fox News host Megyn Kelly get riled up over progressive policies like the Family Medical Leave Act . Of course, that might be because she just wrapped up a few months of maternity leave herself. After calling radio host Mike Gallagher a “pinhead” for comments he made back in May on the air with Chris Wallace, Kelly sets him straight on the value of maternity leave, the fact that it’s not a “racket,” that men are also eligible for it, and that this country actually has more restrictive laws than other countries. Despite the somewhat tongue-in-cheek tone in this clip, Kelly really nails him on the idiocy of his statement about the FMLA being a “racket” and not extending to men. She gave a passionate and clear defense of why the policy exists and even why it’s weaker than most other countries’ maternity leave policies. How progressive of her! Seriously, it really is. Now if she could only wrap her head around the fact that the Family Medical Leave Act is only part of a larger picture that includes things like Medicaid, Medicare, the Affordable Care Act and Social Security, she might understand that social safety nets are something that constitute true family values. Still, it was refreshing and even a little shocking to hear such a passionate defense of progressive values from a Fox News commentator. I wonder if she knows FMLA was passed by a Democratic Congress with a Democratic President . Maybe she’s realizing that the real “family values” voters are Democrats. Hmmmm. Transcript follows. [radio clip] GALLAGHER: And she does a good job, she really does — and Megyn’s still on maternity leave, right? WALLACE: Well, are you complaining? She’s bonding with her baby. GALLAGHER: What a racket that is. I mean, men don’t get to bond — WALLACE: Racket? GALLAGHER: Well, how much time does she get off, to have to — WALLACE: Three months. GALLAGER: That’s unbelievable. You think you get three months off? How much time did you get off when your kids were born? WALLACE: Let me tell you. When my children were born, one week was all I could stand. [end clip] KELLY: Nice, Chris. Okay. At least he attempted a defense to begin with. Would you care to explain those remarks, Mr. Gallagher? Maternity leave? It’s a racket? GALLAGHER: Well, first of all, everybody on your show, they’re rats and traitors. I kept saying when this first hit the fan, I said, please tell me I want to talk to Megyn, did she hear it, is she aware of it? No response, it was crickets. So everybody on that show — KELLY: Not only that but I gave a couple of interviews over the summer to some publications and the reporters all asked me about it, saying “How about this pinhead, Mike Gallagher?” and I’d say “Yeah. He is.” Right. What a moronic thing to say. GALLAGHER: Well, there is — are you going to disagree…Now. I’m a — [crosstalk] KELLY: Are you doubling down? No, no, no, no. Are you not taking those remarks back? Is maternity leave according to you a racket? GALLAGHER: Well, do men get maternity leave, Megyn? I can’t believe I’m asking you this — KELLY: Guess what, honey? They do. It’s called Family Medical Leave Act. If a father would like to take three months off to take care of their newborn baby, they can. GALLAGHER: All right, let me give you an explanation. I was drinking that day. KELLY: Now you’re more along the path I expected. Just in case you didn’t know — just in case you didn’t know, Mike, I want you to know that the United States is the only country in the advanced world that doesn’t allow paid — doesn’t require paid maternity leave. I happen to work for a nice employer that gives me paid maternity leave but virtually no — the United States is virtually the only advanced country that doesn’t require paid leave. If anything, the United States is in the dark ages when it comes to maternity leave and what is it about getting pregnant and carrying their baby nine months that you don’t think deserves a few months off so bonding and recovery can take place, hm? GALLAGHER: I even think one of the people on your staff said “Oh, Mike, she didn’t even notice. Megyn isn’t even aware you said this. I said, well let’s not bring this to her attention, shall we? KELLY: You can’t answer the question because there is no answer, my friend. And by the way, the studies show that women who spend less time with their babies after they’re first born are more likely to get depressed and be unhealthy. And I leave it at that.
Continue reading …Click here to view this media Apparently Mike Huckabee wasn’t done making a fool out of himself this weekend after his appearance on Fox & Friends touting Donald Trump for Treasury Secretary . Heaven forbid he could make it through the day without throwing a little racism in to boot as well. After slamming President Obama for the fundraiser held on his birthday that Fox Nation attacked as “Obama’s Hip-Hop BBQ” which our friends at Media Matters wrote about here — Fox Nation: Obama’s Hip-Hop BBQ Didn’t Create Jobs — Huckabee took a page right out of their playbook on his show this past Saturday night. HUCKABEE: I’m glad that the President had such a large time with his friends. And by the way, they think that they all ought to pay more in taxes. So hopefully while they were gathered, they passed one of those great old big hats that one of the hip-hop pals wore, so that way everyone could empty their pockets and open their checkbooks, so they could give more to our ever responsible Federal government, so the fine folks at the party can bail out, our government. Well, I’m sure that happened. So, let’s give back Jack. Let’s cut the Prez some slack. His birthday gig might just bring our economy back. As Media Matters has documented and we have as well, but not to the extent that they have, this sort of race baiting is all too common over at Fox and at their blog, Fox Nation — Fox’s Race-Baiting “Nation” . I don’t like the fact that we’ve got all of this money corrupting our politics and that it takes raising massive amounts of money to get elected to any national office, but somehow Fox only seems to have a problem with it when it’s a Democrat raising the money, or heaven forbid the Kenyan usurper who never had any business getting elected in the first place in their view. Glenn Beck may be gone, but the clown show at Fox continues despite his departure.
Continue reading …• PM announces 16,000 police will be deployed London tonight • First fatality as man shot in Croydon, south London, dies • Firearms officers may use non-lethal plastic bullets • England friendly against Holland at Wembley cancelled • Twitter movement #riotcleanup gets under way • Send us your footage of the riots 2.51pm: A few updates from our reporters around London. Matthew Taylor, who’s in Croydon , says shops are closing on police advice and a steady stream of people is heading out of the area via the train station. Peter Beaumont, in the centre of Hackney , reports hundreds of police near the Empire and the Town Hall. He says he’s never seen so many officers in the area — nor so many wearing the uniforms of so many different forces from around the country. Ian Sample, meanwhile, sends this from Ealing , which is also in shutdown mode: Fire engines are gathered in Ealing in west London to secure a building burned out by fire last night. Roads in the centre are closed to traffic and police are patrolling the streets as concerns spread of more violence this afternoon. Earlier this afternoon, police ordered the Ealing shopping centre to shut, with hundreds of people being turned back into the streets. The centre is now shuttered until tomorrow morning. Opposite, the Arcadia shopping centre remains closed, its windows smashed and a traffic cone lodged in one panel of glass at the entrance. Workers in hard hats are sweeping up fallen tiles from the burned out building that was set on fire last night. Meanwhile, one of Liverpool ‘s biggest shopping centres has decided to close early as a precaution: Following recent events across the country, customers can expect stores at Liverpool One to close from 6pm today, rather than the usual closing time of 8pm, to allow staff to safely make their way home. The top priority at Liverpool One is always the safety of its staff and customers, and Liverpool One will be monitoring the situation closely in partnership with Merseyside police. 2.47pm: Harman says people in her Peckham constituency are saying that the young people out rioting and looting are not speaking for them. It is not a political demonstration, she says. “Nothing justifies somebody robbing an looting somebody else’s business and frightening people on their own streets.” She refuses to be drawn on deeper motives or causes for the rioting right now. The first thing to do is sort out the situation. People don’t want to hear “excuses”, she says. People are absolutely expecting that whatever measures need to be taken will be taken … They don’t want to have the fear that things are going to kick off in their neighbourhood. 2.45pm: Harriet Harman, the deputy Labour leader, is speaking now on BBC News. She says people’s No 1 concern is to feel safe. They do not want to have to close their businesses at three o’clock. 2.44pm: Boris Johnson says he does not want to hear social and economic justifications for the rioting. 2.43pm: Boris Johnson is speaking in Clapham Junction. His message to the rioters is: “They will face punishments they will bitterly regret.” The mayor of London is facing a lot of heckling. People are asking where the police were yesterday. 2.30pm: Good afternoon and welcome to the Guardian’s continuing live coverage of the unrest in London and the rest of Britain. The cleanup from last night’s trouble is well under way, and preparations are being made for tonight. It’s clear that the police, particularly in London, are preparing a far more robust response. Here’s a summary of events so far today. • The riots that have plagued London for three consecutive nights have claimed their first life. A man shot in his car during last night’s rioting in Croydon, south London, died after being admitted to hospital. He was discovered in a car suffering from gunshot wounds at about 9.15pm as trouble flared in the area. • David Cameron has announced that 16,000 police officers will be deployed in London tonight, in an effort to get a grip on the violence. This is up from 6,000 the night before. The prime minister promised a tough response to any trouble tonight: “I have this very clear message to those people who are responsible for this wrongdoing and criminality: you will feel the full force of the law. If you are old enough to commit these crimes you are old enough to face the punishments.” • Police have disclosed that live baton rounds – non-lethal plastic bullets – may be deployed tonight. Deputy Assistant Commissioner Steve Kavanagh of the Metropolitan police told our crime correspondent, Sandra Laville: “If we need to, we will do so.” He said 525 people have been arrested since rioting began on Saturday, and about 100 have been charged. • Rioting spread to other cities in Britain for the first time, with unrest in Birmingham, Bristol, Liverpool and Nottingham. West Midlands police made 138 arrests. Chief Constable Chris Sims said of the looting in the city centre: “This was not an angry crowd, this was a greedy crowd.” • A clean-up operation has got under way across London, with many residents turning out to help. A number of websites and Facebook groups have been set up to co-ordinate the volunteer forces. UK riots London Sam Jones Matt Wells Paul Owen guardian.co.uk
Continue reading …Obama advisers , Democrat senators , and terminally stupid ideologues that for days have blamed Standard and Poor's downgrade of America's debt on the Tea Party are sadly mistaken. Next to the President of the United States and his Party, those really responsible are members of the media. Since the junior senator from Illinois first threw his hat into the presidential ring in February 2007, America's press have refused to hold his feet to the fire concerning any important issue facing the nation. This debt ceiling debate and resulting downgrade were just the most recent examples. When Congressman Paul Ryan ( R-Wisc .) offered his 2012 budget proposal in April, news outlet after news outlet lined up to demagogue him mimicking talking points from the White House and the Democrat leadership. Rather than accurately report that it would save Medicare from total bankruptcy in 2024 while trimming $6 trillion of red ink – a figure that we now know would have averted S&P's downgrade – America's press dishonestly told the public Ryan's bill would destroy the nation's senior healthcare plan Nevermind that the President's only officially proposed budget – which would have increased the debt by almost $10 trillion and certainly resulted in a rating downgrade – actually lost 97-0 in the Senate not even getting one vote from members of his own Party; the media still continued to lambaste and excoriate Ryan and anyone that had the nerve to support a bill that passed the House 235-189 the month before. As summer came, and Washington began talking about the looming debt ceiling “crisis”, the press assisted the White House and its Party to evoke fear in the nation about a potential default on Treasury paper as well as Social Security payments to seniors. This came despite there being ample ongoing tax receipts to pay the interest on the debt, Social Security and Medicare recipients as well as military paychecks. Rather than mercifully telling Americans they shouldn't be concerned about such things, our news media shamefully disseminated the lies coming from the Obama administration and Congressional Democrats unprofessionally ginning up the fear in the country rather than quelling it as you would think was their charter. Even when given a chance to discuss specifics with treasury secretary Timothy Geithner , prominent Sunday talk show hosts opted to ignore the crucial questions Americans were clearly most concerned about. As House Republicans put together a Cut, Cap, and Balance bill that would solve the debt ceiling impasse while significantly trimming spending as well as mandating a balanced budget in the future, press outlets assisted the Democrat campaign to defeat it. This was despite a CNN poll finding 66 percent of respondents in favor of CCB and 74 percent supporting a balanced budget amendment. It was obvious to the few impartial observers in the nation that so-called journalists were badly on the wrong the side of public opinion on this issue. Media opposition to CCB continued even after it passed the House 234-190 which certainly made it easier for Majority Leader Harry Reid ( D-Nev .) to prevent the bill from ever getting voted on in the Senate, a strategy the press applauded. We now know the passage of CCB likely also would have prevented last Friday's downgrade. What this means is that this year, House Republicans passed two plans that probably would have preserved America's AAA credit rating if they had cleared the Senate and been signed by the President. We also know that much like the White House and the Democrat Party, virtually every news outlet in this country with the exception of the minority of conservative ones opposed both of these pieces of legislation. Meanwhile, the only budget proposed by the Left – the President's – didn't get one vote in the Senate. For their part, Congressional Democrats were totally MIA in this process having failed to offer a budget for well over two years, an abdication of responsibility that curiously doesn't concern America's media while the nation struggles with a budget crisis that could result in a far more calamitous financial disaster than the one we experienced three years ago. Such folks were more fascinated and supportive of fantasy plans like the so-called “grand bargain” floated by the President during one of his many televised appearances. Because it included revenue increases – tax hikes to you and me! – the press were almost orgasmic despite nothing having been put on paper for anyone to thoroughly analyze and the near certainty that the offer was largely cynical given the metaphysical certitude Democrats would never have supported any plan containing Medicare and Social Security cuts. As a comical aside, the Congressional Budget Office months earlier commented about its inability to score budget proposals made during presidential speeches. Clearly, the media don't have such a problem, for Obama's “grand bargain” with or without the inconvenience of parchment or specificity was, as Goldilocks would say, just right. What wasn't right to them of course was the final bill that passed in the House last Monday 269-161 in a rare case of bipartisanship with half of the Democrats supporting it. Bipartisanship continued to carry the day Tuesday when the bill passed the Senate 74-26. This rare bout of unity seemed to infuriate the normally bipartisanship-loving press as they called Tea Partiers terrorists and hostage takers for their role in crafting a package that so many members of Congress from both sides of the aisle had the nerve to vote for. As MSNBC's Lawrence O'Donnell noted Monday, “Almost half of the Congress almost always votes against increasing the debt ceiling. The Party out of power leaves raising the debt ceiling to the Party in power.” “In fact,” O'Donnell continued, “last week's vote for a debt ceiling increase was the most bipartisan vote to increase the debt ceiling we have seen in a very, very long time.” You certainly couldn't tell that by all the finger-pointing at the Tea Party once S&P announced the downgrade. Much like the bipartisan support of the Iraq War resolution in October 2002, the Democrats quickly took on a “They Made Me Do It” posture once the agreement they supported became unpopular. True to form, the media were just as willing to give their Party cover now as they were then. Must be nice to know if your vote ends up being a political albatross, the press will be there to help you remove the burden. But all this assistance to the White House and its Party has come at a dear cost to the nation. If press members had been doing their jobs all year, the President and the Democrat leadership would have been forced to put legitimate, written counter-proposals on the table as they unceremoniously swatted aside those offered by Republicans. Maybe then a far more encompassing piece of legislation would have been in front of Congress in July with more sweeping short and long-term cuts that would have appeased the credit rating agencies while setting the nation on a more solid fiscal course. Instead, the media played willing accomplices to Obama and his Party with total disregard for the lack of leadership on display. As a result, we're now a double-A+ nation that appears to be heading towards a double-dip recession.
Continue reading …Brazilian indigenous protection officers to make emergency visit to isolated community facing threat from heavily armed gangs The head of Brazil’s indigenous protection service is to make an emergency visit to a remote jungle outpost, amid fears that members of an isolated Amazon tribe may have been “massacred” by drug traffickers. Fears for the tribe’s wellbeing have been escalating since late July when a group of heavily armed Peruvian traffickers reportedly invaded its land, triggering a crisis in the remote border region between Brazil and Peru. On 5 August 5 Brazilian federal police launched an operation in the region, arresting Joaquim Antônio Custódio Fadista, a Portuguese man alleged to have been operating as a cocaine trafficker. But after the police pulled out, officers with the indigenous protection service (Funai) decided to return fearing a “massacre”. They claimed that groups of men with rifles and machine guns were still at large in the rainforest. Reports suggest the traffickers may have been attempting to set up new smuggling routes, running through the tribe’s land. “We decided to come back here because we believed that these guys may be massacring the isolated [tribe],” Carlos Travassos, the head of Brazil’s department for isolated indigenous peoples, told the Brazilian news website IG. “We are more worried than ever. The situation could be one of the greatest blows we have seen to the work to protect isolated Indians in decades. A catastrophe … genocide!” In an interview with the Globo Natureza website, the Funai co-ordinator for isolated groups, Antenor Vaz, said: “Either these guys have killed the isolated Indians or they have had contact with them. We know that these Indians defend themselves by attacking.” Facing mounting pressure Funai’s president, Márcio Meira, is on Tuesday expected to fly into a jungle position used to monitor the wellbeing of the area’s indigenous people. The post is located around 23km (14 miles) from the Peruvian border and 240km from the already remote town of Feijo in Acre state. The region made global headlines in 2008, when Funai released a series of startling aerial photographs proving the existence of never-contacted tribes there . The images showed tribesmen in one village, painted in red and pointing bows and arrows at a government aeroplane. Earlier this year Fabricio Amorim, another Funai co-ordinator, said the region was home to “the greatest concentration of isolated groups in the Amazon and the world”, adding, however, that illegal logging and drug trafficking represented major threats to such communities. “We are extremely worried about this situation,” said Fiona Watson, Brazil campaigner for Survival International. “It really highlights how out of control things are on the Peru side, and the urgent need for constant, long-term protection for the uncontacted tribes on both sides of the border.” She added that the situations was “potentially life threatening” for those communities. José Carlos Meirelles, a veteran indigenous protection officer who is among the five-strong team of activists in the region, vowed to remain until action was taken. “Since nobody from the Brazilian state is prepared to stay here, we took the decision… to come here,” he wrote in one email to the media. “We are completely surrounded,” wrote Travassos. “We have nowhere to run. And we will not [run] until something is done.” Indigenous peoples Brazil Drugs trade Peru Amazon rainforest Forests Deforestation Tom Phillips guardian.co.uk
Continue reading …• Shock 0.4% decline in factory production in June • Car production suffers 1.7% fall • FTSE down 3.6% on news and debt crises • UK trade gap rises to £8.87bn Fears over the UK economy intensified on Tuesday, sending the London stock market slumping, after British factory production posted a surprise fall in June and the UK trade gap worsened. The unexpectedly poor data from the industrial sector added to the glut of disappointing news on the UK economy, at a time when markets are already in turmoil due to debt crises in the eurozone and the US. The FTSE 100 index in London fell 5.5% after the data was released, and was trading 180 points lower at 4888 at 10am, down 3.6%. Manufacturing output fell by 0.4% in June from the previous month, confounding the City’s expectation of a 0.2% increase, and following a rise of 1.8% in May, according to the Office for National Statistics. Car production suffered the biggest fall, of 1.7%, while chemicals, and paper and publishing also shrank in June. ING economist James Knightley said: “The worry is that plunging equity markets will hurt business confidence and lead to firms cutting orders thus prompting further falls in output. As a result, the prospect of further action from the Bank of England continues to grow.” Industrial production, which also includes utilities and mining, was flat on the month after North Sea oil and gas extraction failed to bounce back from maintenance work in May. This means that industrial output was down 1.6% between April and June, worse than the ONS’s previous estimate of a 1.4% decline. The fall was the biggest quarterly decline since May 2009, but the ONS said its negative impact on GDP would be limited to less than 0.05 percentage points. Manufacturing makes up just 13% of Britain’s economy. Trade figures, also released by the ONS on Tuesday, showed Britain’s deficit in goods trade with the rest of the world widened to £8.87bn from £8.47bn – the biggest gap since December 2010. “With surveys of export orders having fallen in recent months, it still does not look like net trade will provide a big enough boost in the months ahead to get the recovery going again,” said Vicky Redwood, senior UK economist at Capital Economics. Manufacturing data Economics Economic growth (GDP) Financial crisis Stock markets Julia Kollewe guardian.co.uk
Continue reading …Masran Abdul Rahman is suing fiancee Norzuliyana Mat Hassan for £219,000 after she left him six hours before their wedding A Malaysian man is suing his former fiancee for more than $360,000 (£219,000) for leaving him six hours before their wedding. Lawyer Latifah Ariffin said Masran Abdul Rahman, 32, and his family were distressed and embarrassed when Norzuliyana Mat Hassan called off their June wedding at the last minute. Latifah says Masran invited 1,200 guests to the reception and was seeking compensation for damages and defamation from Norzuliyana and her father. The suit was filed on Monday in north-east Kelantan state. Latifah added that Norzuliyana didn’t give any reason for backing out of the arranged marriage. Norzuliyana could not immediately be reached for comment. Malaysia guardian.co.uk
Continue reading …Surveyors’ trade body says its members sold an average of 14.2 properties each in the past three months, with the majority also reporting falling house prices Britain’s housing market stuttered further during July as estate agents reported sales at a two-year low. Rics , the surveyors’ trade body, said its estate agent members had managed to sell just 14.2 properties on average over the past three months, making it the quietest period for sales since June 2009. The majority of surveyors also reported that house prices fell rather than rose through July, and though the proportion fell slightly this figure has been in the red for more than a year. Rics spokesman Ian Perry said: “The UK housing market continued to stall during July; prices edged lower and sales levels remained subdued. “While the holiday season appears to have had some impact on the market, the continual problem of inaccessible mortgage finance is still preventing first-time buyers from accessing the market.” The number of properties on the books of estate agent members rose from 69.7 in June to 70.2, with 13% more surveyors expecting prices to dip over the next three months than rise. London is the only place bucking the weak trend, with 30% more surveyors reporting prices on the rise than falling, with the capital also seeing the strongest level of new buyer enquiries. The West Midlands and east of England saw the worst of the price falls. As a result of recent house price falls, 827,000 households were in negative equity in the first quarter of 2011, according to research by the Council of Mortgage Lenders (CML). It said the fall in the housing market since its pre-credit crunch peak meant 7% of mortgaged households would owe money if they sold at current prices. This is only slightly less than the 900,000 who were in the position the last time the body carried out similar research in April 2009, immediately after house prices saw some of their steepest falls. But the CML said the number is far lower than in the early 1990s when the number of households in negative equity was estimated to peak at 1.6 million – nearly double the current number. The average loan-to-value ratio is less than 60%, meaning the vast majority of homeowners have a “substantial cushion of equity” to protect them from any further slump in the market, the CML said. But nearly 20% of households now have mortgages worth more than 90% of their property’s value, which leaves them at risk of negative equity if prices fall further. The CML’s director general, Paul Smee, said the figures did not necessarily indicate that people would struggle to pay their mortgages. “Negative equity is much less common than in the 1990s, and in the current cycle low interest rates and a relatively stable employment market are providing more options for borrowers and lenders in difficulty. “There is no direct relationship between negative equity and mortgage payment problems. What typically causes difficulty for households is not a nominal fall in housing value but an unexpected change in personal circumstances, like the loss of a job or the breakdown of a family relationship.” Property Negative equity House prices Housing market guardian.co.uk
Continue reading …DNA study links variations in intelligence to large numbers of genes, each with a small effect on individual brainpower Genetic differences between people account for up to half of the variation in intelligence, according to a study of more than 3,000 individuals. Intelligence is known to run in families, but no single genes have yet been identified that can be reliably linked to mental ability. Instead, researchers think, many hundreds or thousands of genes could be involved, each with a small influence on a person’s overall intelligence. “It has been getting clearer and clearer that any genetic contribution to traits on which people differ – like height and weight – comes about from large numbers of gene differences, each with very small effects,” said Prof Ian Deary of the University of Edinburgh , who led the research on intelligence. “We thought that was one possibility for cognitive ability differences, and our results are compatible with that.” To test his idea, researchers looked at more than half a million locations in the genetic code of 3,511 unrelated adults. Each of these sites is where people are known to have single-letter variations in their DNA, called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These variations were correlated with the individuals’ performance in two types of psychometric tests that are established in assessing intelligence: one test measuring recalled knowledge (via vocabulary) and the second measuring problem-solving skills. They found that 40% of the variation in knowledge (called “crystallised intelligence” by the researchers) and 51% of the variation in problem-solving skills (“fluid-type intelligence”) between individuals could be accounted for by the differences in DNA. The results are published on Tuesday in the journal Molecular Psychiatry . Previous work on the environmental and genetic contributions to cognitive ability has been based on comparing intelligence in identical and non-identical twins, or studying it in people who were adopted. In the study led by Deary, the conclusions were gleaned from direct testing of people’s DNA. “It is the first to show biologically and unequivocally that human intelligence is highly polygenic [involving lots of genes] and that purely genetic (SNP) information can be used to predict intelligence,” Deary wrote in the journal paper. Though the researchers now know the proportion of the variation in intelligence that is likely to be a result of genes, they do not know which genes are likely to be most important in determining intelligence. “If they can be found, and if we want to follow them up, to find out some of the mechanisms that underlie successful thinking, our best guess at present is that the number is huge. It could be many thousands,” said Deary. “That could be a limitation to progress using this type of research.” Dr Simon Underdown , senior lecturer in biological anthropology at Oxford Brookes University, said human intelligence was a “stunning product of our evolution”. He continued: “This paper brilliantly demonstrates that the genetic basis for our intelligence is not the result of a simple mutation in a single gene. Rather, the diverse range of genes that appear to influence our ability to think must have been actively selected for over hundreds of thousands of years. That we display such genetically influenced variation in intelligence across our species further hints at how important cultural, as well as biological, evolution has been to the human story.” Genetics Medical research Evolution Biology Alok Jha guardian.co.uk
Continue reading …